radio safari wikipedia

Newsletters

• Our sponsors
• Watch Store
• Hot topics:
• Apple Intelligence
•  Apple deals 
• Apple rumors
• Editor’s picks

20 years of Safari: A visual history

By D. Griffin Jones • 6:01 am, January 7, 2023

Over the past 20 years, Apple’s Safari web browser grew from a speedy young upstart to a polished professional. Released on this day in 2003 as a free download, Safari has been bundled with every version of the Mac operating system since.

Take a trip down memory lane as we look at how Safari has evolved over the years.

A visual history of Apple’s web browser, Safari

Like any Apple product that survives more than one generation, the look of Safari has morphed over time. Both the browser’s design and its features changed as Cupertino strived to make Safari the best it could be. And, as with so many Apple products, the browser that started out fast but buggy evolved over the next two decades into something beautiful and reliable.

Perhaps surprisingly, our saga doesn’t start with Safari itself …

Internet Explorer: Safari’s predecessor

No, our story actually begins with Internet Explorer, the browser that first shipped with Mac OS 8.1 in 1997. This was a controversial shift away from Netscape , which had been the default for a few years prior.

Everyone knew the internet was going to be big. Apple would later center the iMac’s marketing on it being a great, easy-to-use computer for the internet . The partnership with Microsoft, which landed Internet Explorer on Macs, kept Apple afloat and helped it ride the internet wave.

But by 2003, Apple had got its feet on the ground. Cupertino no longer needed Bill Gates’ money.

Safari 1: A new kind of browser

Steve Jobs unveiled Safari at Macworld San Francisco in 2003. Watch the introduction, and you will see people cheering and applauding Safari for taking only 16 seconds to load a web page.

The biggest selling point was the simple fact that it was an internet browser designed by Apple. Its dead-simple user interface looks shockingly modern to this day. It clearly wasn’t designed for Windows and grafted over; it was designed first and foremost for Mac OS X.

Safari 2 and 3: Made for the wide world of blogging

Safari 2 added a big feature for the golden age of independent blogging: RSS. Visit your favorite internet blog, click the RSS button in the address bar, and you enter what looks a bit like Reader Mode.

Safari 3 brought tabbed browsing to the Mac, catching up with competitors Firefox and OmniWeb .

Safari 4: Crisis averted

The Safari 4 beta controversially moved the tab bar to the top of the browser window . People complained that it was hard to distinguish between clicking and moving around the window versus reordering tabs, and that the lack of a proper title bar broke Mac conventions.

Apple reversed this design and never made any controversial choices regarding the tab bar ever again until the next time it did.

An iOS version for iPhones

The biggest innovation to Safari since its introduction was shrinking it down to run on the original iPhone. This was a heck of a feat.

Before the iPhone arrived in 2007, cellphones technically had web browsers in much the same way an airplane can technically drive on a road. They were tiny, they were slow, and most of them were entirely text-based. Keep in mind an Apple Watch has a bigger screen than a lot of cellphones from the mid-2000s.

With Safari on iPhone, running the full, desktop-capable web on a smartphone was kind of a big deal. The internet was no longer a place in your house you sat down to use. You can watch Jobs show it off here .

A safari to the far-off lands of … the PC?

Then, an even crazier thing happened: Safari came to Windows XP and Vista. This short-lived experiment lasted from 2008 to 2012, ending with the release of Safari 6.

Safari joined iTunes as Apple’s second major app (or as they say on the PC, the second major program ) for Windows. But obviously, people didn’t take to it. iTunes lives on to this day, and Microsoft has even announced that Apple is working on brand-new Music and TV apps for the PC platform .

A fresh coat of paint glass

Safari got its biggest visual shakeup alongside the rest of OS X Yosemite in 2014. The fresh coat of paint brightened the look of the Mac. The new design rolled the title bar and toolbar together to make for a slimmer UI.

Safari was one of many apps for OS X and iOS to introduce Continuity , a handy set of features for seamlessly switching between your Mac and your iPhone. When you approach your Mac with your phone in hand (and Safari open), you’ll see an extra Safari icon in the Dock on your Mac. Click it, and you’ll be taken to the same page you had open. I still use this feature nearly every day.

In the mid-2010s, as people became more concerned about data privacy on the internet, Safari added some privacy-conscious features . Intelligent Tracking Prevention puts strict limits on cookies to keep data miners from following your activity across the web. Automatic Strong Passwords generates unique, complicated passwords for each online account you create in the browser, syncing with all your devices over iCloud Keychain.

Apple introduced Sign In With Apple and Apple Pay on the Web more than three years ago to a mild splash of excitement, but over time they have become essential features for many users.

One interface forward, two steps back

Apple completely redesigned Safari in 2021, delivering a more universal look across the Mac, iPhone and iPad. The minimal, all-in-one navigation bar blended into the website you visited and tucked away all the controls.

Boy, were people angry. People don’t  want the same exact interface on the Mac as they do on the iPhone — they’re completely different devices.

Apple slowly walked back the design, piece by piece, over the months between June and September, but you can still enable the abandoned unified tab bar design in Safari Preferences.

Smarter features for the future of the web

Throughout Safari’s two-decade history, Apple consistently stuck to one simple philosophy while engineering its browser: It’s never allowed to get slower. Every new feature, every change, needs to make Safari faster. Slower is simply unacceptable.

Plus, Safari gets smarter every year. It’s been my browser of choice ever since I’ve had a Mac. So, happy birthday, Safari. Here’s to the next 20.

Daily round-ups or a weekly refresher, straight from Cult of Mac to your inbox.

Cult of Mac Today

Our daily roundup of Apple news, reviews and how-tos. Plus the best Apple tweets, fun polls and inspiring Steve Jobs bons mots. Our readers say: "Love what you do" -- Christi Cardenas. "Absolutely love the content!" -- Harshita Arora. "Genuinely one of the highlights of my inbox" -- Lee Barnett.

The Weekender

The week's best Apple news, reviews and how-tos from Cult of Mac, every Saturday morning. Our readers say: "Thank you guys for always posting cool stuff" -- Vaughn Nevins. "Very informative" -- Kenly Xavier.

Popular This Week

Why you should install the ios 18 beta on your iphone today, what is jpeg xl and why iphone users should care, 6 mind-blowing continuity features every apple user should know, 6 hidden tips and tricks for airpods, price drop: this credit card-size airtag alternative fits perfectly in your wallet [deals], apple september 9 event invite promises ‘it’s glowtime’, 6 features i want to see in iphone 16, vince vaughn’s bad monkey steals top spot as most-watched series on streaming, turn your pillow into a bluetooth speaker that only you can hear [deals], prep for iphone 16 event with beautiful ‘it’s glowtime’ wallpapers.

National Geographic content straight to your inbox—sign up for our popular newsletters here

A new view: Bousfield says tourism can help sustain traditional culture.

Reinventing the African Safari

From the April 2011 issue of National Geographic Traveler

In 1993, Ralph Bousfield co-founded Uncharted Africa Safari Company, now billed as “one of the last truly traditional safari operations in Africa.” The company hosts visitors at various classically styled camps in Botswana’s Kalahari Desert, where they can witness migrating wildebeest, watch playful meerkats, and listen to the cry of the hyena. Guests visit ancient baobab trees and venture out onto the dusty Makgadikgadi salt pan, the remnant of a once great lake. Bousfield takes his inspiration from his late father, Jack Bousfield, who was an adventurer and hunter. Today’s safaris, however, eschew guns for cameras and make cultural interactions—with local Bushmen, for example—an important part of the experience. Your father came from an era that some Africans aren’t particularly proud of. How has your approach to the business changed? Obviously we’re products of history, but we’ve learned so much since my father’s day. We’ve learned about the costs our actions have to the environment. We’ve learned to appreciate the role of wildlife, their movements and migrations. As a company, we try to stay cutting edge, to offer every sort of luxury but also a very personal experience involving wildlife, local people, and experts. What sort of experiences do visitors have meeting the Bushmen? You’ll experience an enormous collective knowledge of 35,000-plus years, getting an idea of how all of us lived until about 10,000 years ago—as hunter-gatherers. With the men, you’ll experience the making of bows and arrows, tracking, traditional hunting, and the manufacture of medicines from plants and herbs. With the women, you’ll experience collecting and preparing plants—they use about 120 different species—the making of ostrich eggshell beads and jewelry, and the tanning of skins using roots. Probably most important to our visitors is the spiritual element: seeing how these people are absolutely passionately connected to the land and how, through their shamans and healers, they are connected to the spirit world. On the safaris, you spend time with the shamans and watch them do trance dances. It’s a very personal, intimate experience. They’ll ask you to participate in some of the ceremonies they do. It’s not just a “get naked and dance for the tourist” kind of thing. It really provides a proper understanding of what’s going on in their culture. It’s a very rare and authentic experience. Tell us a bit about your use of helicopters on tours. The helicopter is the latest means of exploring, getting you to places you otherwise simply cannot go. Accessing these areas actually benefits them, because we bring money and attention to places that would be too marginal for us to operate in using trucks. Some people say: “I bet helicopters use lots of fuel.” Actually, they leave a smaller carbon footprint than a big convoy of vehicles would, not to mention avoiding having to build bridges and all that to get the vehicles there. With helicopters you can just hop in. In 2010 we did helicopter trips in the Kalahari, accessing areas with rock art. The previous year we went into northern Uganda, viewing various highland species of wildlife. Are you optimistic that indigenous communities can preserve their ancient cultures? That’s enormously important, but the preservation takes different forms. Here in Botswana, everybody has to go to school by law, even the traditional cultures, and I think that’s good. Some people, taking a romantic Western perspective, want to see the locals in a sort of arrested development, living in a traditional way like they were an exhibit in a museum. That attitude, though it gives a nice feeling in the short term, is unsustainable. What does get sustained—in terms of the skills and knowledge of a culture—is whatever the world assigns value to. If people look down on someone who lives as a hunter-gatherer, saying, in effect, “You’re close to being an animal,” then the communities will not want to continue that lifestyle. On the other hand, the work we do as safari outfitters gives value to the traditional ways of living—and the traditional knowledge of botany and wildlife, for example. Our work helps preserve the old ways, saying to the Bushmen: “Your knowledge is worth something.” I was discussing our safaris with some Bushmen, and a few of the guys said to me: “We would like to do exactly what you do.” I said: “What do you think I do?” And they said: “We know what you do. You use the knowledge that you inherited from your father. People pay you to do what he taught you. We want to do the same thing with what we know.” I said something like: “You’re so right! You’re right on the money.” And, indeed, the guys were totally getting it. Rather than just looking into the past, they were looking to the future and finding a way to mutually benefit. Do you retreat into nature to de-stress, to recharge? Yes. We live in the Kalahari, among big, wide-open spaces. It’s a huge environment that puts things into perspective. You feel quite insignificant, not in a negative way but just in how we can sometimes take ourselves too seriously and get caught up in the little day-to-day irritations. I’ve been driving since six o’clock this morning, moving through herds of thousands of wildebeest and springbok and oryx. Being out in raw nature is like meditating, almost as though you are achieving a different state of consciousness. And if I’m having a hard time, I just go for a long walk into that environment. The farther you walk, the smaller you become, and the more insignificant your problems. I always come back from these walks thinking: “Okay, I’m ready to take on the next challenge.”

• Nat Geo Expeditions

Related Topics

• WILDLIFE WATCHING

You May Also Like

A guide to organising your second safari in Tanzania

Desert hikes and camping under the stars on a budget safari in Namibia

Become a subscriber and support our award-winning editorial features, videos, photography, and much more..

For as little as $2/mo.

5 game drive alternatives, from cycling to horse-riding

Meet the safari guide empowering women in East Africa

A beginner's budget self-drive safari in the Kruger National Park, South Africa

Free roam safari: a self-guided campervanning trip through South Africa & Eswatini

4 unmissable safari experiences on a budget

• Best of the World
• Environment
• Paid Content

History & Culture

• History & Culture
• Terms of Use
• Privacy Policy
• Your US State Privacy Rights
• Children's Online Privacy Policy
• Interest-Based Ads
• About Nielsen Measurement
• Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information
• Nat Geo Home
• Attend a Live Event
• Book a Trip
• Inspire Your Kids
• Shop Nat Geo
• Visit the D.C. Museum
• Learn About Our Impact
• Support Our Mission
• Advertise With Us
• Customer Service
• Renew Subscription
• Manage Your Subscription
• Work at Nat Geo
• Sign Up for Our Newsletters
• Contribute to Protect the Planet

Copyright © 1996-2015 National Geographic Society Copyright © 2015-2024 National Geographic Partners, LLC. All rights reserved

African Safari Tours

• Arusha, Tanzania
• [email protected]
• Call/ Whatsapp +255 745504340

Origins of African Safari

A history of the modern day african safari & its role in sustainable development..

The term safari conjures images of vast savannas, majestic wildlife , and the thrill of the originally from the Arabic verb “safar” which roughly translated means “to make a journey. Originating from the Swahili word for “journey,” safari has evolved to represent an iconic African experience. This article delves into the rich history and evolution of the African safari, providing an in-depth look at its origins, development, and contemporary significance.

The history of the Modern Day African Safari & its Role in Sustainable Development roots of the African Safari can be traced back to the 19th century, a time when European explorers ventured into the uncharted territories of the African continent. Seeking adventure, discovery, and the thrill of the unknown, these intrepid travelers set out on expeditions that would forever change the course of history.

Origins of the African Safari

The origins of safari can be traced back to the first arrivals of Europeans and Arabs in Africa, long before the colonization era, but the big history of it began in the 19th century. Wen academic and economic interest to Africa increased in Western society. Technological advances and medicine (most notably the discovery of quinine as a remedy against malaria) allowed foreigners to step up deep into the continent safely enough. These expeditions established the concept of safari-style travel. While the goal of most was geographical discovery, the search for minerals and new routes of communication, others were primarily aimed at hunting animals, and elephant tusks at the first.

Early Expeditions and Exploration

The modern notion of safari began to take shape in the late 19th century with European explorers and adventurers such as David Livingstone and Henry Morton Stanley. These early expeditions aimed to map uncharted territories, discover new flora and fauna, and establish trade routes. The documentation of their travels and the allure of Africa’s untamed wilderness captivated the European imagination.

Colonial Influence and Hunting Safaris

With the onset of colonialism, the safari experience transformed significantly. Wealthy Europeans, particularly from Britain, ventured into Africa seeking big game hunting adventures. The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw the rise of grand hunting safaris, where hunters pursued the “Big Five” – lion, elephant, buffalo, leopard, and rhinoceros. These expeditions were often elaborate affairs, involving large teams of porters, guides, and luxurious camps.

Cultural Impact and Literature

The romanticized notion of the African safari permeated popular culture through literature and media. Books like Ernest Hemingway’s “The Green Hills of Africa” and Karen Blixen’s “Out of Africa” painted vivid pictures of the African landscape and the safari experience. These works, along with numerous films and documentaries, further entrenched the safari as a symbol of adventure and exploration.

Evolution of the Safari Experience

As Africa’s political and social landscapes evolved, so did the concept of the safari. The mid-20th century marked a significant shift from hunting safaris to photographic and conservation-focused safaris.

Rise of Photographic Safaris

The decline of big game hunting, coupled with growing awareness of wildlife conservation, led to the rise of photographic safaris. This new form of safari prioritized observing and photographing wildlife in their natural habitats rather than hunting. National parks and game reserves became crucial to preserving Africa’s rich biodiversity.

Conservation Efforts and Eco-Tourism

The latter half of the 20th century saw an increasing emphasis on conservation. Pioneers like Dr. Richard Leakey and organizations such as the African Wildlife Foundation played instrumental roles in promoting wildlife conservation and sustainable tourism. Eco-tourism emerged as a vital industry, contributing to local economies and funding conservation initiatives. Lodges and safari companies adopted sustainable practices, ensuring minimal impact on the environment while providing unforgettable experiences for visitors.

Modern-Day Safaris: A Blend of Tradition and Innovation

Today’s safaris are a blend of traditional experiences and modern comforts, catering to diverse interests and preferences. From luxury lodges to mobile camping, the safari industry has evolved to offer a wide range of options.

Luxury Safaris

Luxury safaris provide an unparalleled experience, combining the thrill of wildlife encounters with top-notch amenities. High-end lodges and camps offer exquisite accommodations, gourmet dining, and personalized services. These safaris often include guided game drives, walking safaris, and exclusive experiences such as hot air balloon rides over the Serengeti or private bush dinners under the stars.

Adventure and Specialized Safaris

For those seeking more adventure, specialized safaris cater to various interests. Walking safaris, led by experienced guides, offer an immersive experience, allowing travelers to explore the bush on foot. Birdwatching safaris attract ornithologists and nature enthusiasts eager to spot Africa’s diverse avian species. Cultural safaris provide insights into the traditions and lifestyles of indigenous communities, enriching the overall safari experience.

Family and Group Safaris

Family and group safaris have become increasingly popular, with tailored itineraries that accommodate multi-generational travelers. These safaris often include educational programs for children, ensuring a fun and informative experience for all ages. Group safaris offer shared adventures , fostering camaraderie among travelers with shared interests.

The Future of African Safari

The future of the African safari lies in balancing the needs of conservation, local communities, and tourism. As the demand for eco-friendly and sustainable travel grows, the safari industry must adapt to meet these expectations.

Technological Innovations

Technological advancements are playing a crucial role in enhancing the safari experience and supporting conservation efforts. Drones, camera traps, and satellite tracking are used to monitor wildlife populations and gather data for research. Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) offer immersive experiences, allowing people to explore Africa’s wilderness from anywhere in the world.

Community Involvement and Empowerment

Empowering local communities is essential for the sustainable future of safaris. Community-based tourism initiatives ensure that l ocal populations benefit directly from tourism revenue. Training and employing local guides, promoting local crafts and products, and involving communities in conservation projects are vital steps towards achieving this goal.

Challenges and Opportunities

The safari industry faces several challenges, including habitat loss, poaching, and climate change. Addressing these issues requires collaborative efforts between governments, conservation organizations, and the private sector. However, these challenges also present opportunities for innovation and improvement. By investing in sustainable practices, supporting conservation initiatives, and promoting responsible tourism, the safari industry can continue to thrive while preserving Africa’s natural heritage.

What to expect from your safari trip in Tanzania?

Expect an unforgettable adventure in Tanzania, featuring breathtaking landscapes and diverse wildlife. Witness the Great Migration in the Serengeti, explore the Ngorongoro Crater’s rich ecosystem, and encounter the Big Five. Enjoy guided game drives, luxurious lodges, and cultural experiences with local Maasai communities. Tanzania offers a perfect blend of thrilling wildlife encounters and stunning scenery, making it an ideal safari destination.

When is the best time to go on safari?

The best time for a safari depends on the destination and the wildlife experiences you seek. In East Africa, the dry season (June to October) offers prime game viewing as animals gather around water sources. In Southern Africa, the dry winter months (May to September) provide excellent wildlife viewing due to sparse vegetation. However, each season has its unique highlights, so research the specific destination to determine the best time for your safari adventure.

How much time does going on safari take?

The duration of a safari can vary widely, typically ranging from a few days to several weeks. A short safari, lasting 3 to 5 days, offers a taste of wildlife viewing and adventure. Longer safaris, extending up to 2 weeks or more, provide a more immersive experience, allowing visitors to explore multiple parks and regions, participate in varied activities. Fully appreciate the natural beauty and biodiversity of the safari destination.

How has safari become a popular pastime?

Safari has become a popular pastime due to its thrilling wildlife encounters, stunning landscapes, and the sense of adventure it offers. Modern safaris emphasize conservation and ethical tourism, attracting eco-conscious travelers. Luxury accommodations and guided tours enhance the experience, making safaris accessible and appealing to a wide audience.

Where can you go on safari?

Top safari destinations include Serengeti National Park in Tanzania, Tarangire National Park. Lake Manyara National Park, Mount Kilimanjaro, Arusha National Park, Lake Eyasi, Lake Natron, and the Ngorongoro crater. Each location offers unique wildlife experiences, from witnessing the Great Migration to exploring lush deltas and spotting the Big Five. These diverse ecosystems provide unparalleled opportunities for adventure and wildlife viewing.

Where does the word Safari come from?

The word “safari” originates from the Arabic verb “safar” which roughly translated mean the Swahili language, meaning “journey” or “expedition.” It gained prominence during the colonial era in East Africa, particularly in Kenya and Tanzania. European explorers and hunters adopted the term to describe their expeditions into the African wilderness to observe or hunt wildlife. Today, “safari” commonly refers to guided tours or expeditions for observing and experiencing wildlife in their natural habitats across various African countries.

What kinds of safaris are there?

There are several types of safaris: guided safaris with expert guides, self-drive safaris for independent explorers, photographic safaris for capturing wildlife, and luxury safaris combining adventure with high-end accommodations. Each offers unique experiences, catering to different preferences and interests in wildlife viewing and adventure.

What is an African Safari like in the 21st Century?

Embark on a 21st-century African safari and immerse yourself in unparalleled wildlife encounters. Modern safaris blend adventure with luxury, offering eco-friendly lodges and personalized experiences. Witness the Big Five roaming freely in their natural habitats, guided by expert trackers and conservationists. Capture breathtaking moments against vast savannas and lush landscapes, while indulging in gourmet cuisine and comfortable accommodations. It’s a journey of discovery, conservation, and luxury, redefining the essence of safari experiences in the contemporary era.

Conclusion: The History of Safari – How it All Began

The history of the African safari is a rich tapestry of exploration, adventure, and conservation. From its early roots in trade and exploration to the luxurious and eco-conscious experiences of today. The safari remains a symbol of Africa’s wild beauty and cultural diversity. As we look to the future, the safari industry must continue to evolve. Embracing sustainability and community involvement to ensure that this iconic journey remains available for generations to come.

Latest Posts

Featured Posts

How to Get to Ngorongoro Crater – by Car & Flights

12 Reasons Why Good Tour Guides Are So Important

How to get to Lake Eyasi

You can make a difference in the Apple Support Community!

When you  sign up with your Apple ID , you can provide valuable feedback to other community members by  upvoting helpful replies and User Tips .

Looks like no one’s replied in a while. To start the conversation again, simply ask a new question.

Safari will not allow me to open Wikipedia

Why will Safari not allow me to open Wikipedia?

MacBook Air 11″, OS X 10.10

Posted on Dec 19, 2021 7:08 AM

Similar questions

• Why does Safari not allow me to open Wikipedia? Why does Safari not allow me to open Wikipedia? 447 1
• Why am I unable to access wikipedia using Safari? Why am I unable to access wikipedia using safari? [Re-Titled by Moderator] 386 1
• safari not allowing me to enter websites Why is safari not allowing me to enter websites, esp. Facebook and Wikipedia 163 2

Loading page content

Page content loaded

Dec 20, 2021 9:07 AM in response to Lehmur1907

Hi Lehmur1907,

It appears that you're unable to load Wikipedia with Safari. Can you tell us what happens when you try to load Wikipedia? Do you see an error message or encounter something else?

Depending on what you're encountering, this article might be helpful: If Safari on Mac doesn't open a webpage or isn’t working as expected - Apple Support Let us know if that helps.

Best wishes to you.

What is safari?

Where did the word "safari" come from and what does it mean? How are safaris of the past different from the modern adventuring in Africa? Where to go for the best experience? All about this type of nature vacation - by safari fans and experts.

When we hear the word "safari," we imagine a group of tourists moving through an African savannah in search of large wild animals: lions, rhinos, buffalo, and elephants. In historical pictures, we often see men in pith helmets with guns in their hands, while modern pictures show people in SUVs holding long lens cameras. It is an animal hunt - hunting in the literal sense, or just observing and photo-hunting - in the vastness of the hottest continent. Fashion connoisseurs may also think of beige-colored clothing with a straight cut, the obligatory wide belt, and a wide brimmed hat, inherited from the British military who served in Britain's African colonies. All these are our first associations with the beautiful word "safari," which sounds like it could be an Arabic given name.

A modern-day safari is a sightseeing trip to an African national park, the main purpose of which is to observe wild animals. In the past, safaris were organized with the objective of hunting large animals. Africa's canonical Big Five: the elephant, lion, rhino, African buffalo, and leopard are associated with the hunting traditions of Africa. Among hunters, these five mammals were considered to be the most dangerous and difficult to pursue, and their body parts made the most coveted trophies.

Nowadays, hunting on safari is generally condemned by modern society. Altezza Travel advocates for ethical treatment of animals, participates in projects to rescue and rehabilitate animals, strongly condemns hunting, poaching, commercial exploitation and other unacceptable forms of interaction with animals and nature, which humiliate, first of all, the human dignity. We do not organize hunting safaris, do not work in hunting reserves, do not cooperate with companies that exploit animals, and we urge our guests not to finance such organizations and not to participate in activities involving violence and unethical treatment of animals. However, it is still permitted in a very limited number of reserves. This very expensive pastime is strictly regulated by law. So, the vast majority of safaris today are rides on off-road vehicles that go along the routes designated by national parks, where you can meet wild animals, gaze at them up close or through binoculars, take pictures and observe their behavior in the natural environment.

The word "safari" itself comes from Swahili - the main language of the people of East Africa. It means "journey, trip" and goes back to the Arabic word “safar” with the same meaning. In Swahili-speaking countries, the term refers to any journey. There is even a common phrase, safari njema! It is a wish for a good and pleasant journey.

How has safari become a popular pastime?

The Oxford Dictionary defines “safari” as “a trip to see or hunt wild animals, especially in east or southern Africa”. In the West, this word was popularized by the British traveler Richard Francis Burton, who explored East Africa in the 19th century with John Henning Speke and took great pleasure in learning the languages and customs of the peoples he met. Gradually the word “safari” spread into other languages and was used to refer to travel in the wilds of East Africa.

By the way, Richard Burton became famous not only as a linguist and ethnographer but also as a person who translated into English the ancient Indian Kamasutra as well as the Arabic and Persian tales of the Thousand and One Nights. Moreover, he was a rare non-Muslim pilgrim to Mecca and had to disguise himself as a sheikh or a dervish to secretly make those pilgrimages. Burton is also famous as the first European to discover the great African Lake Tanganyika, which stunned him with its beauty.

One of the most well-known historical African safari trips was the long expedition embarked upon by the 26th U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt. In 1909 he went to Africa The Smithsonian–Roosevelt African Expedition took Roosevelt from 1909 to 1910 through what is now the territories of Kenya, Uganda, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Sudan. with his son and a large escort team for almost a year, just after his presidential term ended. Photos of Roosevelt on the hunt were printed in the newspapers, and a documentary about the trip was shown immediately upon his return. There is a book report of African Game Trails written by Roosevelt himself. We may be struck today by the list of animals killed on that safari, which is scrupulously given in the book. But the expedition was equipped by the Smithsonian Institution and allegedly had scientific motivations behind it.

The expedition brought back from Africa more than 23,000 specimens of plants and animals. It is recorded that 512 large animals have been shot personally by the president and his son, and a total of about 11,400 animals were killed or captured. It took the Institute eight years to catalog all the specimens. They became the basis of today's National Museum of Natural History in Washington. Therein lay the contradiction in Theodore Roosevelt's personality: his passion for hunting was joined with his desire to champion the interests of conservationists and scientists. It was he who founded the U.S. Forest Service. Roosevelt was also the first president to establish national parks and numerous protected areas in the United States.

"Roosevelt in Africa" documentary. Filmed in 1909. Library of Congress archives

Safari as a popular cultural phenomenon was heavily influenced by the American journalist and writer Ernest Hemingway. In the 1930s he traveled through Kenya and Tanganyika (as the mainland territory of present-day Tanzania used to be called). It is known that Hemingway was impressed by Africa’s stunning nature as well as by the magnificent Mount Kilimanjaro. Hunting was one of his passions - he hunted a lot in the Serengeti, as well as near Lake Manyara and today's Tarangire National Park. His love of nature and hunting influenced Patrick, the writer's son, who had been traveling with his parents since childhood. Patrick Hemingway eventually moved to Tanzania and lived there for 25 years. He also worked in Uganda and Kenya and even started his own safari business.

Ernest Hemingway's best-known "African" works are the short story "The Snows of Kilimanjaro '', and the "Green Hills of Africa" novella, which essentially is an autobiographical report of his family’s safari travels. His other drafts about Africa were compiled into the “True at First Light” book and published after the writer’s death by Patrick Hemingway.

Adventure novels on the topic of safari started to appear as early as the 19th century. We can remember the classic Jules Verne’s first novel, “Five Weeks in a Balloon”, which was about a journey in the air over Africa. We may also think of a popular novel by Henry Haggard, called “King Solomon's Mines”, about adventures in South Africa, or of the “World Voyage of a Young Parisian” by Louis Boussenard.

Another genre of literature that has preserved many early safari stories was adventure diary entries. Here one may think of William Kingston's “Adventures in Africa by an African Trader”. Allegedly those entries were written by a real but unidentified ivory trader and Kingston used those writings to compile a book. Another notable work of this genre was “Trader Horn: A Young Man's Astounding Adventures in 19th Century Equatorial Africa”, written by another ivory trader, Alfred Horne. Back then many parts of Africa remained unknown to Europeans, and such books fuelled the public interest in the exploration of the African continent with its incredibly rich geographical, cultural, and biological diversity.

The age of cinematography began in the early 20th century, and there were many popular adventure films set in Africa (most often in East or Central Africa) that also added interest to the topic of safari. The above-mentioned “Trader Horn” was adapted in 1931, although greatly augmented by fictional events. In the mid-20th century, the theme of jungle adventure was popular, and on cinema screens, you could see the African expanses being added alongside such locations as the jungles of Southeast Asia and the Amazon. Later, the 1985 film "Out of Africa'' starring Robert Redford and Meryl Streep had a major influence on the return to fashion of the safari style in clothing and interior design. It was based on the autobiographical book by Karen Blixen, who lived for many years in Kenya, and won seven Academy Awards and three Golden Globes, among other honors.

The growing interest in the modern type of safari travel was promoted even further by numerous documentaries, such as those from the National Geographic and Discovery channels, filmed in East African national parks, most notably in the Serengeti. Scenes of people driving through the savannah in an open car and observing various wild animals in their natural habitats while taking photos have encouraged many to plan their personal adventure - a trip to the great natural reserves of East Africa. Many travelers are also pleasantly surprised to find out that apart from driving in a car, there are numerous other ways of visiting the wild places of Africa.

What kinds of safaris are there?

A classic safari in today’s East Africa is a trip in an off-road vehicle with a driver-guide through the expanse of a national park where wild animals live in their natural habitats. The forests and savannas are roamed by herds of elephants, buffalo, zebras, and antelope of different species, as well as by giraffes which wander alone or in small groups. The trees are often occupied by monkeys and birds, while warthogs hide in the shade of bushes. Large herbivores are hunted by lion prides and solitary carnivores such as leopards and cheetahs. Jackals and hyenas choose smaller victims. Hippos and crocodiles hide in rivers from the heat. Travellers who go on safari have a unique opportunity to observe all those spectacular environments that are teeming with life.

What are the advantages of driving around a national park in a car? This allows you to see a large number of animals of different species in just 2-3 hours. Also, when rangers find an interesting sighting such as a large pride of lions or a rhinoceros, they report it to the safari car driver by radio, so that you can quickly go there and see those animals. The off-road vehicle ride is the most popular safari format, but it is not the only one.

In some parks, where safety conditions allow, you can go on safari afoot. This is usually arranged in the areas where attacks by large animals are unlikely and there are no large herds grazing. For further safety, visitors are accompanied by an armed ranger. Safari walks allow you to get as close as possible to the natural environment of the park, observe the local plant world, and explore nature by encountering it directly.

One of the most beautiful and unusual ways to go on safari in Africa is to fly over the savannah in a hot air balloon. This will guarantee a thrilling experience for any visitors to a national park. Flying in the basket of a hot air balloon will allow you to marvel at the vastness of the landscapes below, and feel the true spirit of adventure captured in the pre-industrial era novels and travel diaries. Modern aerial safari is a premium type of recreation, which costs more than the classic car tours but guarantees amazing emotions and unusual angles from the bird's-eye view. A hot air balloon experience is often added as a "highlight" to a regular game-drive safari.

Another fantastic way to look at Africa’s stunning nature from an unfamiliar angle is by traveling on a boat over the surface of lakes, rivers, or even in the ocean. Riding a boat along one of the Tanzanian rivers, you will hear the guide telling you all sorts of interesting facts about crocodiles and hippos. And, of course, you’ll have a chance to observe those magnificent animals in close proximity! On a sea safari, you can go to various islands or ride a boat near the mainland. One of the highlights of a sea safari is getting close to dolphins and observing how those aquatic mammals play.

Where can you go on safari?

Perhaps the most famous destination for those wishing to go on a safari tour is the Serengeti National Park in East Africa. Many consider the iconic landscapes of the Serengeti to be the birthplace of the safari phenomenon. It is located in northern Tanzania. A natural extension of this national park can be found in neighboring Kenya, where it is called Maasai Mara National Reserve.

Another world-famous protected area can be found nearby: the Ngorongoro Conservation Area. It contains the world's largest ancient caldera which is truly a unique and breathtaking site. The famous zoologist Bernard Grzimek in his book “Serengeti Shall Not Die” called it a huge natural zoo. It is home to the “Big Five” game (elephant, lion, leopard, buffalo, rhino) and huge migrating herds of herbivore animals. The caldera’s steep walls make it seem like the animals are surrounded by a sort of natural enclosure.

Other notable parks and protected areas include Kenya's Amboseli and the Laikipia Plateau, Kruger National Park in South Africa, the Okavango Delta and Chobe National Park in Botswana, as well as Queen Elizabeth National Park in Uganda, among others. And we can also mention the famous national park in Zambia, Mosi-Oa-Tunya, and Zimbabwe's Victoria Falls National Park. While these two national parks aren’t large, their main advantage is that both are adjacent to the spectacular Victoria Falls. Another remarkable place that can compete with Victoria Falls in popularity is the renowned Mt. Kilimanjaro volcano, whose international fame helped to bring popularity to some less well-known Tanzanian national parks such as Arusha and Tarangire.

There are many more notable national parks in other countries of the continent. Safari has long spread beyond East Africa. Moreover, the name “safari” is frequently attached to tours in national parks of Asia, primarily in India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Sri Lanka. In India, for example, Ranthambore, Gir forest, and Kanha national parks are popular. The latter is considered to be the inspiration behind the Rudyard Kipling's “Jungle Book”, which is a story about an animal-raised boy named Mowgli. Generally, these days safari has become a global phenomenon. It is often used to name a journey into the wilderness anywhere in the world, even if it is in Australia.

Starting from the 1960s, so-called “safari parks” started to appear in different countries. Those are basically open-air zoos, where animals live in relatively large open areas. Visitors could enter such territories in their own cars or even on foot. Such experimental “zoos” first began in the U.S. and then in Japan, where you could ride past walking lions.

The first full-fledged safari park was Longleat Safari and Adventure Park in England. Today in that well-known place you can find ostriches, giraffes, antelopes, zebras, and other animals, not only those native to Africa. In the 21st century, there is a huge number of such safari parks around the world. The better places, such as Longleat, often invest in conservation, as well as rescue and rehabilitate animals, for example, those who spend their lives in the circus, like Anne the elephant mentioned above. But, of course, many parks are much worse and they can never be the same as the natural environment. The animals there are kept in captivity and frequently isolated, and some of those parks adopt the practices of contact zoos, which many consider unethical and harmful for the animals.

Real safari without violence towards animals can be found where it once originated - in Eastern Africa. Here animals live and thrive in their native environment without people trying to move them to other continents and intrude on their lives. Tanzania has made great progress in establishing national parks and reserves with clear rules and regulations for the visits into those protected areas, which helps to protect the country’s spectacular conservation areas. This, coupled with Tanzania’s outstanding biodiversity and natural beauty, makes it one of the best countries for safari tourism, if not the best in all of Africa.

If we search Instagram for hashtags and geotags with the word "safari" and then analyze the stats, we’ll see that there are three African countries in the top 10: Tanzania, South Africa, and Kenya. The first place is taken by the Victoria Falls National Park, where the main attraction is, of course, the spectacular waterfalls. But among true safari destinations, pictures from the Serengeti National Park are the most “Instagrammed” with over 160.000 photos tagged. All in all, Tanzania appears to be the clear leader when it comes to wildlife safari adventures.

Active development of tourism in the country, high level of security, as well as availability of many other tourist activities can make your trip to Tanzania delightful, safe, and truly memorable. In addition to going on safari, you can learn about the folk traditions and culture of the local tribes in their villages, take tours to lakes, waterfalls, and other places of natural beauty, as well as explore or relax on the beaches of Zanzibar and other islands. Also, you could go to the diving sites off the coast in the Indian Ocean and observe underwater life with your own eyes. And, of course, there are expeditions to Mt. Kilimanjaro. By combining safaris with a variety of other activities, you can build a plan for the perfect African vacation while staying in the same country.

Welcome to the birthplace of safari - Tanzania, East Africa

The most popular protected areas in Tanzania are located in the north of the country, between Lake Victoria and Mount Kilimanjaro. We have already named them: Serengeti, Ngorongoro, Tarangire, Arusha, and Kilimanjaro National Park itself, whose main attraction is the eponymous peak, the highest in Africa. In addition to the Kilimanjaro trek, the north of Tanzania can offer guests two more interesting climbs - to the top of Kilimanjaro’s little brother, Meru volcano, and to Ol Doinyo Lengai, which is considered to be a sacred mountain among the local tribes. Among famous sites nearby there are also Lake Manyara National Park and three major lakes: Manyara, Eyasi, and Natron.

We have long specialized in the organization of nature tours in Tanzania and know all about local safaris. This is why we can confidently say that the incredibly rich travel opportunities of this African country are not limited to the most famous national parks we mentioned above. In the west of Tanzania, as well as in its central and southern parts, there are national parks and reserves that deserve attention. We can especially note Ruaha, Nyerere as part of the Selous, Katavi, as well as Gombe Stream, and Mahale Mountains, among other national parks and reserves.

How much time does going on safari take?

If you plan your trip to Tanzania well, you can ensure a great safari experience in several days, visiting the savannah expanse of the Serengeti with its Great Animal Migration, the famous Ngorongoro crater, as well as the wilderness of Tarangire, where herds of elephants roam among baobabs, the Great Ruaha River, in the waters of which many crocodiles and hippos hide, and the dense forest parks on the coast of Tanganyika, where researchers have spent decades observing chimpanzees.

A good safari trip would take several days. If you can dedicate a couple of weeks or more to your adventure - even better! Every major national park is absolutely worth spending a few days in, and sleeping in lodges A lodge is a hotel in Africa usually located in a wildlife area. Staying in such a place, you can feel closer to nature, and have much more convenient access to safari trips. Most often it is a complex of several houses for guests, which can either be solid buildings or comfortable structures with tent walls. As a rule, at the centre of this complex there is a restaurant which will provide excellent meals for you. The most comfortable lodges are located inside national parks, or nearby. Essentially, lodges are eco-hotels that always have high standards of service and of accommodation facilities. Some of them reach the level of 5 stars. right on the park’s grounds is a great experience. In that case, you’ll have the opportunity to go on safari in the early morning, and in the evening just before sunset. During these periods, the animals are the most active and playful. The majority of interesting scenes of animals interacting with each other usually take place in the morning and evening hours, when they aren’t forced to lazily seek shelter in the shade to avoid the scorching sun.

The incredible diversity of Tanzania’s flora and fauna allows for a variety of experiences. If you have the opportunity to stay on safari for longer than two weeks, don't miss that chance. Theodore Roosevelt spent almost a year in Africa, Ernest Hemingway came twice, and each time it was an extended trip.

All I wanted to do now was get back to Africa. We had not left it yet, but when I would wake in the night, I would lie, listening, homesick for it already.

Ernest Hemingway, “Green Hills of Africa”

What to expect from your safari trip in Tanzania?

There are three elements to a safari trip: safari vehicle rides, rest at one of the nearby hotels, and transfers between the hotel and the national park. Good planning allows you to minimize transfer time so that you will have more time to enjoy the main activities or rest.

Typically, it’s a good idea to stay within the same park for at least three days, ideally five days. This way you can experience the best things a park has to offer, visiting the interesting places that are often missed by hurried tourists.

When choosing hotels, we strongly recommend that you pay attention not so much to the number of stars or interior details, but to the specific conditions you’re looking for in your accommodation. A very important factor is the hotel’s location. A lodge located within a national park often wins even against a luxury hotel in the nearest town. Time spent in transfer should be kept to a minimum, this will allow you to experience more of Tanzania’s spectacular nature. The opportunity to be deep in the park in the hours of the early morning is priceless! And the overall impression at the end of the safari is made up of these individual episodes.

An ideal safari day can be described as follows: the guests wake up early, shower, and take a safari vehicle to the park, taking their lunchboxes with them. This way it’s possible to see the morning predator hunt and lots of animals standing or laying down right on the road or nearby (before dozens of other safari vehicles have arrived). Shortly after that visitors can enjoy an outdoor breakfast at one of the park's picnic sites. Later, they ride some more around the park and return to the lodge for lunch. After lunch, the guests rest in the cool rooms while it is hot outside, and in the afternoon they go on safari again. Again they see many different animals, take beautiful pictures and return to the lodge as it is getting dark. In the evening they enjoy a delicious dinner, cozy outdoor gatherings, and a nice rest before going to bed.

When is the best time to go on safari?

Tanzania is amazing because it is located near the equator and has several geographic regions. This means that you can travel here at any time of the year, as long as you don't set a specific goal, such as seeing antelopes forcing the rivers of Serengeti, which falls on June-August, during the Great Migration. However, Tanzania’s climate and weather conditions allow you to observe animal life almost all year round.

If you are worried about the rainy seasons, let us reassure you - the seasonality of rainy and dry periods in Tanzania these days is rather arbitrary. In any case, some rain very rarely prevents our guests from enjoying a safari. In addition, the so-called rainy season has many advantages, the key ones being the absence of crowds of tourists on popular trails in the parks, and lower hotel prices.

If you can't wait to start planning your safari trip to the heart of Africa, check out Altezza Travel's safari programs. While we offer numerous different tours, a customized program can be even better. Just contact our managers and ask them to put together a program that will be the most suitable for you. A couple of short articles with practical tips may also be helpful: on how to prepare for a safari in Tanzania, and what to bring with you on your trip.

Don't hesitate to ask questions, and feel free to ask us to expand your safari tour program - Tanzania has a lot to offer. We look forward to seeing you on safari!

Valentina, a creative artist with Altezza Travel, draws inspiration from Africa's natural wonders, dividing her time between Tanzania and South Africa. With over 8 years of living across various African regions, she offers invaluable insights and practical travel tips on our blog for those eager to explore this remarkable continent. Having immersed herself in numerous cities, towns, and villages, Valentina has a rich knowledge of African culture, community, and life.

Is there any age limit on safari? My son will be 6 this year

Hi Sandi! You question has inspired us to write a detailed article about it!

To give you a short answer:

1.There are no age limits set by the National Parks.

2. Some lodges and camps have age restrictions, some not accepting children under 5 years old.

3. Ultimately, it depends on your child. Even 3-year-olds can enjoy a safari, while a 14-year-old teenager might be bored and spend all their time on their smartphone. It all depends on the child's behavior. There are even a lot of adults who aren't interested in wildlife. However, we believe that taking kids on an African safari can really spark their interest in wildlife and exploration. Just keep in mind that safaris involve dust, rough roads, and hot sun.

We've had many families go on safari with their kids and they've enjoyed every single day in Tanzania. It's really like the Lion King movie - kids will see elephants, giraffes, zebras from a very short distance from the car - they will definitely fall in love.

• 1 Understand
• 2.1 Basic supplies
• 2.2 Binoculars
• 2.3 Cameras
• 3 Get around
• 5 Destinations
• 7 Stay safe

<a href=\"https://tools.wmflabs.org/wikivoyage/w/poi2gpx.php?print=gpx&amp;lang=en&amp;name=Safaris\" title=\"Download GPX file for this article\" data-parsoid=\"{}\"><img alt=\"Download GPX file for this article\" resource=\"./File:GPX_Document_rev3-20x20.png\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/GPX_Document_rev3-20x20.png\" decoding=\"async\" data-file-width=\"20\" data-file-height=\"20\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"20\" width=\"20\" class=\"mw-file-element\" data-parsoid='{\"a\":{\"resource\":\"./File:GPX_Document_rev3-20x20.png\",\"height\":\"20\",\"width\":\"20\"},\"sa\":{\"resource\":\"File:GPX Document rev3-20x20.png\"}}'/></a></span>"}'/> Safaris are perhaps the greatest tourism draw in Africa and the highlight for many visitors. The term safari in popular use refers to overland travel to view the stunning African wildlife , particularly on savanna. There are also "primate safaris" and safaris in forests/jungle. Most countries have at least one national park offering visitors the opportunity to go "on safari", except in North Africa and the limited opportunities in the Sahel .

In colonial times, the main attraction of a safari was usually big game hunting ; for most travellers today, it is about viewing and photographing wildlife .

Safari is the Swahili word for a long journey (by any means). The safari as known to Westerners originates in an 1836-37 British expedition that set out purely to observe and document wildlife and landscapes of southern Africa. This expedition set a style to be followed by many other colonial-era expeditions and hunting parties in the savannas of Southern and East Africa, beginning with a minimally-strenuous rising at first light, an energetic day walking, an afternoon rest then concluding with a formal dinner and telling stories in the evening over drinks and tobacco. It is from these Victorian-era explorers that khaki clothes, pith helmets, multi-pocketed safari jackets, and leopard-print clothes and accessories have become associated with safari style.

Today, a safari can take on a range of forms, from week-long stays at a private lodge with daytrips on the savanna in search of the "Big Five" of wildlife, to a minibus and guide hired for the day to drive backpackers through a national park to view the animals. Not only do the general travel styles (accommodations, transport, difficulty, etc.) cover a wide range of options, but the terrain and types of wildlife also vary greatly by region. The most common image of a safari is one in which travelers are taken by 4x4 across the savanna in search of the "Big Five" that generally attract the most interest—elephants, lions, leopards, rhinos, and buffalo. Such safaris are offered primarily in Southern and East Africa , particularly Kenya , Tanzania , Zambia , Zimbabwe , Botswana , Namibia , and South Africa . Safaris in this region are big business and nearly all local governments are keen on conservation and aware that the visitors are a boost to their economy. As a result, many parks have strict regulations both on visitor activities and behavior in the park and on the safari guides who operate in them, along with modest-to-expensive entry and camping fees. Among the most well-known parks to experience such safaris are South Africa's Kruger National Park , Tanzania's Ngorongoro Crater , the Okavango Delta region of Botswana, and the Tsavo East / West National Parks. Nairobi National Park on the edge of Kenya's sprawling capital is popular for its accessible location and the ever-elusive picture of cheetahs with skyscrapers in the distance.

Basic supplies

It is very important to have enough water on hand, because the national parks can be very hot, with 30°C in the shade being common. Slap on liberal amounts of sunscreen and wear a wide-brimmed hat that will not be blown off in the wind. On the other hand, early morning and night drives can be distinctly chilly during the African winter, so a sweater or coat will come in handy.

Game drives are best enjoyed when you have good optical equipment such as binoculars, still cameras and video cameras. All optical equipment has to cope with very difficult light conditions, such as intense sunlight during daytime and very little light at the crack of dawn when many predators are active.

Some animals, such as elephants and giraffes, tend to approach closely to cars and standard equipment will allow good viewing. Lions, cheetahs and leopards are sometimes shy and you will see them better with binoculars. Binoculars should have 10× magnification, ideally with night vision glass quality.

Good safari photography doesn't come easily or cheaply. The most obvious requirement is a telephoto lens : 200mm is a practical minimum, 300mm is better, and the pros (especially birdwatchers) carry 500mm lenses that could be mistaken for a telescope. However, it's not enough for the lens to be merely long -- you'll also need a fast lens that works well in low-light conditions in the morning and evening. Unfortunately, a lens that's both long and fast can be ludicrously expensive. You can compensate to some extent with a tripod or its more portable cousin the monopod - with any lens past 300mm this becomes a practical necessity to eliminate blurriness.

If you have an SLR or similar prosumer camera, spend some time studying your camera's settings. A large aperture (small number) will help the subject stand out by blurring the background. Continuous focusing mode is useful for tracking moving animals.

Remember that you may shoot more pictures than ever before in your life because there are so many interesting things to see. If you shoot on film, you should consider having as much as five times as much as you would usually take, while if you do so on digital you may want many more memory cards or other storage media than usual.The same thing applies for your camera battery, which is likely to be flat after just one day of game viewing. Big lenses and continuous focusing will suck on the battery more than usual.

And when you get back to your lodge, take a few minutes to wipe clean your gear , or fine dust will wreak havoc in anything with moving parts -- most notably those expensive zoom lenses.

The three basic safari styles are driving safaris, walking safaris, and mobile safaris. In some regions, options may include safaris on boats or canoes (similar to driving safaris) or riding on horses or elephants (similar to walking safaris). Some operators offer aerial trips over parks on hot air balloons or light aircraft that are marketed as "safaris" – these offer breath-taking views of the environment, but they aren't as good as traditional safaris for wildlife viewing, except for the rare glimpse of large herds of animals. A "fly-in safari" is any of these types of safari where the visitor is flown directly to (or very close to) a lodge in a light aircraft, rather than driving hours overland from an international airport.

The driving safari is by far the most popular form of safari and is best for most first-timers as it is easier, often cheaper, and generally allows you to see more wildlife. A driving safari can be a one-day affair, but it often includes a couple of nights spent camping (for those on small budgets) or in lodges within the park. Low-price driving safaris are often made in minibuses without a guaranteed window seat. Luxury safaris on a large budget will likely include drives in a 4x4 Land Cruiser or Land Rover with only a handful of other people, and stays at fine lodges with swimming pools, spas, private balconies, and numerous other quality amenities. A walking safari (also called a "bush walk", "hiking safari", or going "footing") consists of hiking, either for a few hours or several days. These safaris don't permit viewing as many animals as when driving, but allow a much more intimate experience. Hiking safari goers will be able to get closer to some animals (not too close, as most are dangerous) and have experiences like stumbling upon the bones of a recent lion kill. Mobile safaris are the ultimate in luxury. Harkening back to the colonial era, a mobile safari is where an entire camp or lodge is set up each night of your safari. In the morning, you will leave by 4x4 or foot to explore the park, a small camp with meals already prepared is set up for lunch, and after more sightseeing, you arrive at a luxurious camp of spacious living, dining, and sleeping tents outfitted with comfortable chairs, beds, and accessories. These camps are moved during the day by a team of staff you likely won't encounter and are ready for your arrival at the next location each night.

For the most basic trip, consisting of a group packed in a minivan and camping overnight, you should have a minimum budget of US$70/day, while some of the most visited parks may cost US$100–150/day. A luxury trip flying into a lodge for a week with guided, personal 4x4 trips onto the savanna with an assurance of seeing every animal desired can easily run over US$1000/day. If a tour operator offers you a package at a price that seems too good to be true, it likely is, and there is probably a good reason why (unless it's an outright lie) someone might be offering a significantly lower price than a dozen other operators for the same park. This can be the result of hidden fees (arriving at the park, when the operator tells you to pay your US$50 entrance fee or camping permit...it wasn't covered), large errors/omissions/lies when calculating a price, an unlicensed operator, abusive labor practices (paying inexperienced porters exceptionally low wages compared with other operators), poor equipment (a 30-year-old minibus in disrepair), length of the trip (a "daytrip" may be a quick 4-hr drive, rather than a slow journey from dawn to dusk), and extras that you may not have thought of or for which this operator plans to charge a steep fee (not providing food, water, sunscreen, and insect repellant...but offering snacks for a fee). Make sure to thoroughly check what each tour operator provides in their cost and make sure it's put in writing before payment and the start of the safari! You may also want to ask fellow travelers in hotels, hostels, or restaurants for their experiences with local safari operators.

Self-drive safaris are possible in some parks, but highly discouraged for first-time safari goers. For some parks, part of licensing tour guides is education on the local wildlife and environment, which independent safari goers will miss out on, and a good guide will know the best times and places to glimpse wildlife, which is largely lost on independent safaris. Most parks have placed restrictions on the behavior of visitors for both conservation purposes and your safety, especially, which may be difficult for novices to follow when unaccompanied. Roads are often rough and sometimes difficult to navigate without offroad driving experience. Not only that, but most rental car agencies will not rent vehicles without a driver or for off-road use. Independent drivers will also want an HF radio to communicate with park rangers and others for safety reasons and should not exit their vehicle without a firearm—obviously those lions and leopards bringing down massive wildebeest and zebras will have easy pickings preying on you! The relatively high entrance fees for most parks (and, if applicable, vehicle rental) often narrows the difference in cost between an independent driving safari and going with a licensed operator to the point that the latter is a good value.

Bear in mind that most wildlife parks and reserves are large, with some animals elusive and/or nocturnal. For this reason, booking a longer safari allows you to see more of what you want to see. One-day safaris are often touted in small towns near major parks. However, a part of your trip will be spent between orientation and simply driving to/from the park – 8   hours and US$100 later, you may be disappointed in only seeing a couple of the big five, from a long distance. Most people will want to spend at least 3 days (2 nights) on safari, allowing time to slowly drive through areas rich in animal life, wait patiently in spots for animals to pass by, drive close to groups of animals, and maybe even venture out at night to view lions on the hunt or the nocturnal and elusive leopard.

Some people believe it is more ethical to support only locals (ie. African owned/operated tour operators) as part of a sustainable or ethical/responsible travel ideology. There are pros and cons to practicing this when booking a safari and the ultimate choice is left to the individual. There are many quality safari operators owned, run, and staffed by locals who provide a good product liked by their clients. However, for every quality local safari operator, there are 1-2 operators who are dishonest (with fees and promises), offer poor service (broken promises, lack of good equipment like tents, use very old/unsafe vehicles), operate unlicensed, don't offer proper equipment (no firearms when leaving vehicle, use poorly maintained vehicles), or circumvent laws (not acquire proper permits or respect conservation laws), while some con artists will approach travelers as safari operators and seem convincing, only to disappear after receiving payment or after a small part of the promised safari has been provided. On the other hand, there are many non-native safari operators who have lived in Africa for a considerable portion of their lives and are keen on conservation, pay local staff better than African-owned safari operators, work with locals in nearby communities to supply fresh fruits or veggies, and are more knowledgeable both with the local environment and Western culture (more relatable in conversation, more fluent in English). Ecotourism and establishments practicing responsible tourism are increasingly common in sub-Saharan Africa and with higher cost of running such establishments (lodges, tour operators), many are not owned/operated by locals, yet nonetheless operate to ethical standards. In short, the merits of responsible travel are noble, but when discerning which safari operator to choose, the answer is not black-and-white (pardon the pun), with a wide number of factors to consider and the ultimate choice being left to the traveler.

Destinations

• Serengeti National Park , Tanzania
• Kruger Park , South Africa
• Okavango Delta , Botswana
• Maasai Mara National Reserve , Kenya

See Dangerous animals and pests .

• Animal ethics

• Has custom banner
• Outline topics
• Outline articles
• Outdoor life
• Topics in Africa
• Topic articles

Navigation menu

• a. Send us an email
• b. Anonymous form
• Buyer's Guide
• Upcoming Products
• Tips / Contact Us
• Podcast Instagram Facebook Twitter Mastodon YouTube Notifications RSS Newsletter

The Origins of the Name 'Safari'

The name Safari, however, wasn't decided on until less than a month before the browser was originally launched. A number of different names were suggested, including 'Freedom', but none of them seemed right.

The name 'iBrowse' was used sarcastically within the team, though it was never used within the code. The development code name for Safari was 'Alexander'.

From that point on, we had a brief discussion about the product name at random HI design sessions every month. Again, I don’t remember any particular name we talked about. They all sounded so awful to me that I’ve purged from my mind the trauma of imagining the browser being labeled with any of them. And the candidate names seemed to get worse the closer we got to shipping. I’m not sure if any of the names I heard came from Steve after that initial session. I think he doomed some group in Marketing to iterate on them for awhile. And the few names I proposed were stinkers too. No one was without sin here. Finally I stopped thinking about it because of more important things to worry about — like actually getting the engineering done.

In the end, the name 'Safari' was chosen and the rest is history.

Get weekly top MacRumors stories in your inbox.

Top Rated Comments

The Navigator asked the Explorer, where are the hot Foxes on this here Safari...? Under the front Chrome bumper of the Jeep.

Popular Stories

Apple Event Announced for September 9: 'It's Glowtime'

When to Expect the iPhone SE 4 to Launch

iPhone 16 Likely to Launch on September 20 With These New Features

10 Reasons to Wait for Next Year's iPhone 17

iPhone Driver's Licenses in Wallet App Rolling Out in Seventh U.S. State

iPhone 16 Pro Max Looks This Much Bigger Beside iPhone 15 Pro Max

16GB of RAM Could Be the New Minimum in Apple's Upcoming M4 Macs

Next article.

Our comprehensive guide highlighting every major new addition in iOS 17, plus how-tos that walk you through using the new features.

Update now for a number of important security fixes.

Get the most out your iPhone 15 with our complete guide to all the new features.

A deep dive into new features in macOS Sonoma, big and small.

Action button expands to all models, new Capture button, camera improvements, and more.

Larger displays, new Capture button, camera improvements, and more.

Updates to Mail, Photos, Messages, and more, with Apple Intelligence features throughout.

iPhone Mirroring, Safari improvements, new Passwords app, and Apple Intelligence features throughout.

Other Stories

6 hours ago by Tim Hardwick

20 hours ago by Joe Rossignol

1 day ago by Tim Hardwick

5 hours ago by Tim Hardwick

Safari (web browser)

Safari is a web browser developed by Apple . It is built into Apple's operating systems, including macOS , iOS , iPadOS and visionOS , and uses Apple's open-source browser engine WebKit , which was derived from KHTML .

History and development

Ios versions, safari technology preview, safari developer program, version compatibility, web compatibility, intelligent tracking prevention, plugin support, webextension support, icloud sync, architecture, other platforms, market share, security updates for snow leopard and windows, potential anticompetitive practices, payments from google, external links.

Safari was introduced in Mac OS X Panther in January 2003. It has been included with the iPhone since the first generation iPhone in 2007. At that time, Safari was the fastest browser on the Mac. Between 2007 and 2012, Apple maintained a Windows version, [6] [7] but abandoned it due to low market share. In 2010, Safari 5 introduced a reader mode, extensions, and developer tools. Safari 11, released in 2017, added Intelligent Tracking Prevention, which uses artificial intelligence to block web tracking . Safari 13 added support for Apple Pay , and authentication with FIDO2 security keys. Its interface was redesigned in Safari 15.

Netscape Navigator rapidly became the dominant Mac browser after its 1994 release, and eventually came bundled with Mac OS. [8] In 1996, Microsoft released Internet Explorer for Mac , and Apple released the Cyberdog internet suite, which included a web browser. In 1997, Apple shelved Cyberdog, and reached a five-year agreement with Microsoft to make IE the default browser on the Mac, starting with Mac OS 8.1 . Netscape continued to be preinstalled on all Macintoshes . [8] Microsoft continued to update IE for Mac, which was ported to Mac OS X DP4 in May 2000. [9]

During development, several codenames were used including "Freedom", "iBrowse" and "Alexander" (a reference to conqueror Alexander the Great , an homage to the Konqueror web browser). [10] [11]

On January 7, 2003, at Macworld San Francisco, Apple CEO Steve Jobs announced Safari that was based on [12] WebKit , the company's internal fork of the KHTML browser engine. [13] Apple released the first beta version exclusively on Mac OS X the same day. Later that date, several official and unofficial beta versions followed until version 1.0 was released on June 23, 2003. [14] [15] On Mac OS X v10.3, Safari was pre-installed as the system's default browser, rather than requiring a manual download, as was the case with the previous Mac OS X versions. Safari's predecessor, the Internet Explorer for Mac, was then included in 10.3 as an alternative. [16]

In April 2005, Engineer Dave Hyatt fixed several bugs in Safari. His experimental beta passed the Acid2 rendering test on April 27, 2005, marking it the first browser to do so. [17] [18] Safari 2.0 which was released on April 29, 2005, was the sole browser Mac OS X 10.4 offered by default. Apple touted this version as it was capable of running a 1.8x speed boost compared to version 1.2.4 but it did not yet feature the Acid2 bug fixes. These major changes were initially unavailable for end-users unless they privately installed and compiled the WebKit source code or ran one of the nightly automated builds available at OpenDarwin . Version 2.0.2, released on October 31, 2005, finally included the Acid2 bug fixes. [19]

In June 2005 in efforts of KHTML criticisms over the lack of access to change logs, Apple moved the development source code and bug tracking of WebCore and JavaScriptCore to OpenDarwin. They have also open-sourced WebKit. The source code is for non-renderer aspects of the browser such as its GUI elements and the remaining proprietary. [20] The final stable version of Safari 2 and the last version released exclusively with Mac OS X, Safari 2.0.4, was updated on January 10, 2006, for Mac OS X. It was only available within Mac OS X Update 10.4.4, and it delivered fixes to layout and CPU usage issues among other improvements. [21]

On January 9, 2007, at Macworld San Francisco, Jobs unveiled that Safari 3 was ported to the newly-introduced iPhone within iPhone OS (later called iOS). [22] [23] The mobile version was capable of displaying full, desktop-class websites. [24] At WWDC 2007 , Jobs announced Safari 3 for Mac OS X 10.5 , Windows XP, and Windows Vista. He ran a benchmark based on the iBench browser test suite comparing the most popular Windows browsers to the browser, and claimed that Safari had the fastest performance. [25] His claim was later examined by a third-party site called Web Performance over HTTP load times. They verified that Safari 3 was indeed the fastest browser on the Windows platform in terms of initial data loading over the Internet, though it was only negligibly faster than Internet Explorer 7 and Mozilla Firefox when it came to static content from the local cache . [26] [27]

The initial Safari 3 beta version for Windows, released on the same day as its announcement at WWDC 2007, contained several bugs [28] and a zero day exploit that allowed remote code executions. The issues were then fixed by Apple three days later on June 14, 2007, in version 3.0.1. [29] On June 22, 2007, Apple released Safari 3.0.2 to address some bugs, performance problems, and other security issues. Safari 3.0.2 for Windows handled some fonts that were missing in the browser but already installed on Windows computers such as Tahoma , Trebuchet MS , and others. [30] The iPhone was previously released on June 29, 2007, with a version of Safari based on the same WebKit rendering engine as the desktop version but with a modified feature set better suited for a mobile device. [31] The version number of Safari as reported in its user agent string is 3.0 was in line along with the contemporary desktop editions. [32]

The first stable, non-beta version of Safari for Windows, Safari 3.1, [33] was offered as a free download on March 18, 2008. In June 2008, Apple released version 3.1.2, [34] [35] which addressed a security vulnerability in the Windows version where visiting a malicious web site could force a download of executable files and execute them on the user's desktop. [36] Safari 3.2, released on November 13, 2008, introduced anti-phishing features using Google Safe Browsing and Extended Validation Certificate support. [37] The final version of Safari 3 was version 3.2.3, which was released on May 12, 2009, with security improvements. [38]

Safari 4 was released on June 8, 2009. [39] It was the first version that had completely passed the Acid3 rendering test, [40] as well as the first version to support HTML5 . [41] It incorporated WebKit JavaScript engine SquirrelFish that significantly enhanced the browser's script interpretation performances by 29.9x. SquirrelFish was later evolved to SquirrelFish Extreme, later also marketed as Nitro, which had 63.6x faster performances. [42] A public beta of Safari 4 was experimented in February 24, 2009. [43]

Safari 4 relied on Cover Flow to run the History and Bookmarks, and it featured Speculative Loading that automatically pre-loaded document information that is required to visit a particular website. The top sites can be displayed up to 24 thumbnails based on the frequently visited sites in a startup. The desktop version of Safari 4 included a redesign similar to that of the iPhone. The update also commissioned many developer tool improvements including Web Inspectors, CSS element viewings, JavaScript debuggers and profilers, offline tables, database management, SQL support and resource graphs. In additions to CSS retouching effects, CSS canvas, and HTML5 content. It replaced the initial Mac OS X-like interface with native Windows themes on Windows using native font renderings. [44] [45]

Safari 4.0.1 was released for Mac on June 17, 2009, and fixed Faces bugs in iPhoto '09. [46] Safari 4 in Mac OS X v10.6 "Snow Leopard" has built-in 64-bit support, which makes JavaScript load up to 50% faster. It also has native crash resistances that would maintain it intact if a plugin like Flash player crashes, though other tabs or windows would not be affected. [47] [48] Safari 4.0.4, the final version which was released on November 11, 2009, for both Mac and Windows, which further improved the JavaScript performances. [49]

Safari 5 was released on June 7, 2010, and was the final version (version 5.1.7) for Windows. [50] It featured a less distractive reader view, [51] and had a 30x faster JavaScript performances. It incorporated numerous developer tool improvements including HTML5 interoperability, and the accessibility to secure extensions. The progress bar was re-added in this version as well. Safari 5.0.1 enabled the Extensions PrefPane by default, rather than requiring users to manually set it in the Debug menu. [52]

Apple exclusively released Safari 4.1 concurrently with Safari 5 for Mac OS X Tiger . It included many features that were found in Safari 5, though it excluded the Safari Reader and Safari Extensions. [53] Apple released Safari 5.1 for both Windows and Mac on July 20, 2011, for Mac OS X 10.7 Lion; it was faster than Safari 5.0, and included the new Reading List feature. The company simultaneously announced Safari 5.0.6 in late June 2010 for Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard, though the new functions were excluded from Leopard users.

Several HTML5 features were provided in Safari 5. It added supports for full-screen video, closed caption, geolocation, EventSource, and a now obsolete early variant of the WebSocket protocol. [54] The fifth major version of Safari added supports for Full-text search , and a new search engine, Bing . [54] Safari 5 supported Reader, which displays web pages in a continuous view, without advertisements. [55] Safari 5 supported a smarter address field and DNS prefetching that automatically found links and looked up addresses on the web. New web pages loaded faster using Domain Name System (DNS) prefetching. The Windows version received an extra update on Graphic acceleration as well. [54] The blue inline progress bar was returned to the address bar; in addition to the spinning bezel and loading indicator introduced in Safari 4. Top Sites view now had a button to switch to Full History Search. Other features included Extension Builder for developers of Safari Extensions. Other changes included an improved inspector. [56] Safari 5 supports Extensions, add-ons that customize the web browsing experience. Extensions are built using web standards such as HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript. [57]

Safari 6.0 was previously referred to as Safari 5.2 until Apple changed the version number at WWDC 2012 . The stable release of Safari 6 coincided with the release of OS X Mountain Lion on July 25, 2012, and was integrated within OS. [58] As a result, it was no longer available for download from Apple's website or any other sources. Apple released Safari 6 via Software Update for users of OS X Lion. It was not released for OS X versions before Lion or for Windows. [59] The company later quietly removed references and links for the Windows version of Safari 5. [60] Microsoft had also removed Safari from its browser-choice page. [61]

Safari 7 was announced at WWDC 2013 , [65] and it brought a number of JavaScript performance improvements. It made uses of Top Site and Sidebar, Shared Links, and Power Saver which paused unused plugins. [66] Safari 7 for OS X Mavericks and Safari 6.1 for Lion and Mountain Lion were all released along with OS X Mavericks in the special event on October 22, 2013. [67]

Safari 8 was announced at WWDC 2014 and was released for OS X Yosemite . It included the JavaScript API WebGL , stronger privacy management, improved iCloud integration, and a redesigned interface. [68] It was also faster and more efficient, with additional developer features including JavaScript Promises , CSS Shapes & Composting mark up, IndexedDB , Encrypted Media Extensions , and SPDY protocol. [68]

Safari 9 was announced in WWDC 2015 and was shipped with OS X El Capitan . New features included audio muting, more options for Safari Reader, and improved autofill . It was not fully available for the previous OS X Yosemite. [69]

Safari 10 was shipped with macOS Sierra and released for OS X Yosemite and OS X El Capitan on September 20, 2016. [70] It had a redesigned Bookmark and History views, and double-clicking will centralized focus on a particular folder. The update redirected Safari extensions to be saved directly to Pocket and Dic Go. Software improvements included Autofill quality from the Contrast card and Web Inspector Timelines Tab, in-line sub-headlines, bylines, and publish dates. [71] [72] [73] This version tracks and re-applies zoomed level to websites, and legacy plug-ins were disabled by default in favor of HTML5 versions of websites. Recently closed tabs can be reopened via the History menu, or by holding the "+" button in the tab bar, and using Shift-Command-T. When a link opens in a new tab; it is now possible to hit the back button or swipe to close it and go back to the original tab. Debugging is now supported on the Web Inspector. [70] Safari 10 also includes several security updates, including fixes for six WebKit vulnerabilities and issues related to Reader and Tabs. The first version of Safari 10 was released on September 20, 2016, and the last version (10.1.2) was released on July 19, 2017. [74]

Safari 11 was released on September 19, 2017 for OS X El Capitan and macOS Sierra , ahead of macOS High Sierra 's release. [75] It was included with High Sierra. Safari 11 included several new features such as Intelligent Tracking Prevention [76] which aimed to prevent cross-site tracking by placing limitations on cookies and other website data. [77] Intelligent Tracking Prevention allowed first-party cookies to continue track the browser history, though with time limits. [78] For example, first-party cookies from ad-tech companies such as Google/Alphabet Inc ., were set to expire in 24-hours after the visit. [79] [78]

Safari 12 was released for macOS Mojave on September 24, 2018. It was also available to macOS Sierra and macOS High Sierra on September 17, 2018. Safari 12 included several new features such as Icons in tabs, Automatic Strong Passwords, and Intelligent Tracking Prevention 2.0. [80] Safari version 12.0.1 was released on October 30, 2018, within macOS Mojave 10.14.1, [81] and Safari 12.0.2 was released on December 5, 2018, under macOS 10.14.2. [82] Support for developer-signed classic Safari Extensions has been dropped. This version would also be the last that supported the official Extensions Gallery. Apple also encouraged extension authors to switch to Safari App Extensions, which triggered negative feedback from the community. [83]

Safari 13 was announced at WWDC 2019 on June 3, 2019. Safari 13 included several new features such as prompting users to change weak passwords, FIDO2 USB security key authentication support, Sign in with Apple support, Apple Pay on the Web support and increased speed and security. [84] Safari 13 was released on September 20, 2019, on macOS Mojave and macOS High Sierra , and later shipped with macOS Catalina . [85]

In June 2020 it was announced that macOS Big Sur will include Safari 14. [86] According to Apple, Safari 14 is more than 50% faster than Google Chrome. [87] Safari 14 introduced new privacy features, including Privacy Report, which shows blocked content and privacy information on web pages. Users will also receive a monthly report on trackers that Safari has blocked. Extensions can also be enabled or disabled on a site-by-site basis. [88] Safari 14 introduced partial [89] support for the WebExtension API used in Google Chrome , Microsoft Edge , Firefox , and Opera , making it easier for developers to port their extensions from those web browsers to Safari. [90] Support for Adobe Flash Player will also be dropped from Safari, 3 months ahead of its end-of-life . [91] A built-in translation service allows translation of a page to another language. Safari 14 was released as a standalone update to macOS Catalina and Mojave users on September 16, 2020. [92] It added Ecosia as a supported search engine. [93]

Safari 15 was released for iOS 15 , iPadOS 15 , macOS Big Sur and macOS Catalina on September 20, 2021, and later shipped with macOS Monterey . [94] [95] It featured a redesigned interface and tab groups that blended better into the background. There were also a new home page and extension supports on the iOS and iPadOS editions. Starting this update, Safari versions would support iOS and iPadOS, ending the iOS version of separate updates. [96]

Safari 16 was released for iOS 16 , macOS Monterey and macOS Big Sur on September 12, 2022, and later shipped with macOS Ventura and iPadOS 16 . [97] Safari 16 added support for non-animated AVIF [98] and contains several bug fixes and feature polishing. Safari 16 also includes shared tab groups, vertical tab support, website settings synchronization between devices connected to a same iCloud account, the ability to add backgrounds for a start page, [99] new languages for built-in translation, built-in image translation, and new options to edit strong passwords. [100] iOS 16.4 also introduced Web Push notifications. [101] [102]

Safari 17 was released in September 2023 with iOS 17, iPadOS 17 and macOS Sonoma . It includes a feature named "Profiles", which allows users to separate their browsing sessions for different use cases. Every profile has a special favorites bar, navigation history, extensions, tab groups, and cookies. Just like iOS 16.4, Safari 17 introduces web apps that can be added to the dock. Cookies are copied into web apps so that users stay logged in the web app if they already are in Safari. Safari can also now read pages with a new option in the navigation bar menu. [103] [104]

New privacy features include locked private browsing when not in use, tracking-free URLs, private relay based on the country’s location and time instead of general position. [103]

Safari has also been adapted to Vision Pro with a new spatial UI, and Apple has redesigned the Develop menu for web developers. [104]

Safari 17 added AV1 hardware decoding support for devices with hardware decoding support. [105]

Safari 18 is set to be released in fall 2024 with iOS 18, iPadOS 18 and macOS Sequoia , and for the first time, visionOS 2 . [106] Like Safari 15, it redesigns the interface, but not limited to the start page and reader mode (which is now called Reader).

A new feature, AI-powered "Highlights" have been introduced, which will automatically detect relevant information on a page and highlight it as you browse.

Other new features include a redesigned unified menu which is now on all versions of the browser, previously it was exclusive to iOS and iPadOS along with the compact mode on macOS, and faster loading times.

Starting iOS 15 and iPadOS 15, Safari would now ship the same features as the macOS version, which also included the name of the updates, ending the separate iOS version.

Safari Technology Preview was first released alongside OS X El Capitan 10.11.4. Safari Technology Preview releases include the latest version of WebKit, which included Web technologies in the future stable releases of Safari so that developers and users can install the Technology Preview release on a Mac, test those features, and provide feedback. [127]

The Safari Developer Program was a program dedicated to in-browser extension and HTML developers. It allowed members to write and distribute extensions for Safari through the Safari Extensions Gallery. It was initially free until it was incorporated into the Apple Developer Program in WWDC 2015 , which costs $99 a year. The charges prompted frustrations from developers. [ citation needed ] Within OS X El Capitan, Apple implemented the Secure Extension Distribution to further improve its security, and it automatically updated all extensions within the Safari Extensions Gallery. [128] [129]

Until Safari 6.0, it included a built-in web feed aggregator that supported the RSS and Atom standards. Current features included Private Browsing (a mode in which the browser retains no record of information about the user's web activity), [146] the ability to archive web content in WebArchive format, the ability to email complete web pages directly from a browser menu, the ability to search bookmarks, and the ability to share tabs between all Mac and iOS devices running appropriate versions of software via an iCloud account. [147]

In Safari's early years, it pioneered several HTML5 features that are now standard, such as the Canvas API. [ citation needed ]

In 2015, Safari was criticized for failing to keep pace with some modern web technologies. [148]

In September 2017, Apple announced that it would use artificial intelligence (AI) to reduce the ability of advertisers to track Safari users as they browse the web. Cookies used for tracking will be allowed for 24 hours, then disabled, unless the AI system judges that the user wants to keep the cookie. [149] Major advertising groups objected, saying it will reduce the free services supported by advertising, while other experts praised the change. [150]

Apple used a remotely updated plug-in blacklist to prevent potentially dangerous or vulnerable plugins from running on Safari. Initially, Flash and Java contents were blocked on some early versions of Safari. Since Safari 12, support for NPAPI plugins (except for Flash) has been completely dropped. Safari 14 finally dropped support for Adobe Flash Player. [91]

Beginning in 2018, Apple made technical changes to Safari's content blocking functionality which prompted backlash from users [151] and developers [152] of ad blocking extensions, who said the changes made it impossible to offer a similar level of user protection found in other browsers. Internally, the update limited the number of blocking rules [153] which could be applied by third-party extensions, preventing the full implementation of community-developed blocklists. In response, several developers of popular ad and tracking blockers announced their products were being discontinued, [154] as they were now incompatible with Safari's newly limited content blocking features. Beginning with Safari 13, popular extensions such as uBlock Origin no longer work with Safari. [152]

Safari can sync bookmarks, history, reading list, and tabs through iCloud. This happens by default if a user's Mac, iPhone or iPad is logged in to iCloud, but syncing can be disabled in the Settings app (on iOS and iPadOS) or System Settings (on Mac). [ citation needed ]

iCloud Tabs lets users see a list of their other devices' open tabs that have not been added to a tab group. On iOS and iPadOS, these iCloud Tabs are shown below the grid of open tabs. On the Mac, they are shown at the bottom of the Tab Overview, or in an optional iCloud Tabs toolbar item. [ citation needed ]

Safari 15 added tab groups. These tab groups, and the tabs they contain, can be synced across devices; [155] when a tab is opened in a tab group on one device, it is added to that tab group on all devices, without needing to manually open it through iCloud Tabs. [ citation needed ] macOS Ventura added Shared Tab Groups, which can be shared through iMessage . New tabs and closed tabs will sync for all participants, and a small thumbnail with users' profile pictures will be visible on the tab they are currently viewing. [156]

Safari supports the Handoff feature, which allows users to continue where they left off on another device. [157] [158]

The Safari sidebar was introduced in Safari 8 as a way to access Bookmarks, Reading List, and Shared Tabs. The sidebar got its biggest update in Safari 16, when it added support for vertical tabs. This allows users to see their tabs arranged vertically in addition to the horizontal tab view in the top Toolbar. [159]

On macOS, Safari is a Cocoa application. It uses Apple's WebKit for rendering web pages and running JavaScript. WebKit consists of WebCore (based on Konqueror 's KHTML engine) and JavaScriptCore (originally based on KDE's JavaScript engine , named KJS). Like KHTML and KJS, WebCore and JavaScriptCore are free software and released under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License . Some Apple improvements to the KHTML code were merged back into the Konqueror project. Apple has also released some additional codes under the open source 2-clause BSD-like license . [160] The version of Safari included in Mac OS X v10.6 (and later versions) is compiled for 64-bit architecture. Apple claimed that running Safari in 64-bit mode would increase rendering speeds by up to 50%. [161]

WebKit2 has a multiprocess API for WebKit, where the web-content is handled by a separate process than the application using WebKit. Apple announced WebKit2 in April 2010. [162] Safari for OS X switched to the WebKit2 API with version 5.1. [163] Safari for iOS switched to WebKit2 with iOS 8. [164] [165]

Safari for iPhone was released along with the original iPhone . It was well-received at the time of release, with news outlets calling it "far superior" to other mobile browsers at the time. [166] [167]

Safari has also been available for iPadOS since its split from the main iOS operating system. With the release of iPadOS 13 , Safari for iPad's user agent was changed to present itself to websites as Safari for Mac and shows the desktop version of websites, except in the miniature Slide Over multitasking view. Apple improved multitouch compatibility for desktop websites through a number of tweaks to the WebKit engine, for example with heuristics to determine whether to translate a tap into a hover or a click. The iPadOS version also gained a download manager, support for Media Source Extensions to allow users to watch Netflix in Safari, and support for the custom keyboard shortcuts in web apps like Gmail, which override Safari's own keyboard shortcuts. [168] [169] External webcam support for websites was later added also. [170]

The browser has continued to receive updates with new releases of iOS, such as the addition of browsing profiles for different use cases with iOS 17 , and a locked private browsing feature. [171] [172] iOS 15 added support for third-party browser extensions , which can be downloaded and installed through corresponding apps via the App Store . Extensions available included VPNs and content blockers. Universal extensions that also worked with the Mac version of Safari can be created via a WebExtensions API . [173]

A Safari version for visionOS released with the launch of the Apple Vision Pro headset in 2024, with features specific to the platform such as moving browser windows around in virtual space. The Verge said it was the headset's "killer app" at launch, due to its versatility and potential for web experiences. [170]

Safari for Windows was introduced along with the 3.0 version for Mac at Apple's WWDC conference in 2007, in an effort to increase overall Safari market share. It supported Windows XP and Vista at launch. [174] Wired , in a review, praised its speed but criticised bugs at launch. [175]

After Safari's release, Apple Software Update, an updater program bundled with QuickTime and iTunes for Windows, automatically selected Safari for installation, as a "recommended" program. This was criticized by John Lilly , then-CEO of Mozilla , who said it "borders on malware distribution practices". [176] By late 2008, Apple Software Update stopped installing new software by default, though it still offered Safari in its list of available programs (with its checkbox unticked).

Safari for Windows was discontinued after version 5.1.7 released in 2010. [177] [178]

In 2009, Safari had a market share of 3.85%. [179] It remained stable in that rank for five years with market shares of 5.56% (2010), 7.41% (2011), 10.07% (2012), and 11.77% (2013). [180] [181] [182] In 2014, it caught up with Firefox with a market share of 14.20%. [183] [184] In 2015, Safari became the second most-used web browser worldwide after Google Chrome , and had a market share of 13.01%. [185] From 2015 to 2020, it occupied market shares of 14.02%, 14.86%, 14.69%, 17.68% and 19.25, respectively. [185] [186] [187] [188] [189] [190] As of November   2021 [ update ] , Google Chrome continued to be the most popular browser with Safari (19.22%) following behind in second place. [191]

In May 2022, according to StatCounter, Apple's Safari dropped to the third most popular desktop browser after being overtaken by Microsoft 's Edge . [192] Safari was then used by 9.61 percent of desktop computers worldwide. [192] One year later, Safari retook second place. [193]

Software security firm Sophos detailed how Snow Leopard and Windows users were not supported by the Safari 6 release at the time, [194] while there were over 121 vulnerabilities left unpatched on those platforms. [195] Since then, Snow Leopard has had only three minor version releases of Safari (the most recent in September 2013 [196] ), and Windows has had none. [197] While no official word has been released by Apple, the indication is that these are the final versions available for these operating systems, and both retain significant security issues. [198] [199]

Apple has been criticized for anticompetitive practices related to Safari on iOS. [200] Before iOS 14 (2020), users could not change their default browser, so links always opened in Safari. [201] App Store rules still require all third-party iOS browsers to use Safari's WebKit browser engine, inheriting its limitations. [202] Apple's stated motivation for this browser engine restriction was to increase security, an argument disputed by the UK's Competition and Markets Authority . [203] The European Union's Digital Markets Act regulation, passed in 2022, requires Apple to allow alternative browser engines. [204] In response, Google and Mozilla began porting their browser engines to iOS. [205]

In a November 2023 disclosure, during the ongoing antitrust trial against Google, an economics professor at the University of Chicago revealed that Google pays Apple 36% of all search advertising revenue generated when users access Google through the Safari browser. This revelation reportedly caused Google's lead attorney to cringe visibly. The revenue generated from Safari users has been kept confidential, but the 36% figure suggests that it is likely in the tens of billions of dollars.

Both Apple and Google have argued that disclosing the specific terms of their search default agreement would harm their competitive positions. However, the court ruled that the information was relevant to the antitrust case and ordered its disclosure. This revelation has raised concerns about the dominance of Google in the search engine market and the potential anticompetitive effects of its agreements with Apple. [206]

• List of web browsers
• History of web browsers
• United States v. Google Inc. in which the FTC alleged that Google misrepresented privacy assurances to Safari users

Related Research Articles

macOS , originally Mac OS X , previously shortened as OS X , is an operating system developed and marketed by Apple since 2001. It is the primary operating system for Apple's Mac computers. Within the market of desktop and laptop computers, it is the second most widely used desktop OS, after Microsoft Windows and ahead of all Linux distributions, including ChromeOS.

iCab is a web browser for MacOS and Classic Mac OS by Alexander Clauss, derived from Crystal Atari Browser (CAB) for Atari TOS compatible computers. It was one of the few browsers still updated for the classic Mac OS prior to that version being discontinued after version 3.0.5 in 2008; Classilla was the last browser that was maintained for that OS but it was discontinued in 2021.

The Finder is the default file manager and graphical user interface shell used on all Macintosh operating systems. Described in its "About" window as "The Macintosh Desktop Experience", it is responsible for the launching of other applications, and for the overall user management of files, disks, and network volumes. It was introduced with the first Macintosh computer, and also exists as part of GS/OS on the Apple IIGS. It was rewritten completely with the release of Mac OS X in 2001.

Mac OS X Panther is the fourth major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system. It followed Mac OS X Jaguar and preceded Mac OS X Tiger. It was released on October 24, 2003, with the retail price of US$129 for a single user and US$199 for a five user, family license.

A favicon , also known as a shortcut icon , website icon , tab icon , URL icon , or bookmark icon , is a file containing one or more small icons associated with a particular website or web page. A web designer can create such an icon and upload it to a website by several means, and graphical web browsers will then make use of it. Browsers that provide favicon support typically display a page's favicon in the browser's address bar and next to the page's name in a list of bookmarks. Browsers that support a tabbed document interface typically show a page's favicon next to the page's title on the tab, and site-specific browsers use the favicon as a desktop icon.

Shiira is a discontinued open source web browser for the Mac OS X operating system. According to its lead developer Makoto Kinoshita, the goal of Shiira was "to create a browser that is better and more useful than Safari". Shiira used WebKit for rendering and scripting. The project reached version 2.3 before it was discontinued, and by December 2011 the developer's website had been removed.

This is a comparison of both historical and current web browsers based on developer, engine, platform(s), releases, license, and cost.

Internet Explorer for Mac was a proprietary web browser developed by Microsoft for the Macintosh platform to browse web pages. Initial versions were developed from the same code base as Internet Explorer for Windows. Later versions diverged, particularly with the release of version 5, which included the cutting-edge, fault-tolerant and highly standards-compliant Tasman layout engine.

Dashboard is a discontinued feature of Apple Inc.'s macOS operating systems, used as a secondary desktop for hosting mini-applications known as widgets. These are intended to be simple applications that do not take time to launch. Dashboard applications supplied with macOS included a stock ticker, weather report, calculator, and notepad; while users could create or download their own.

Sleipnir is a tabbed web browser developed by Fenrir Inc. The browser's main features are customization and tab functions. It supports HTML5 and multiple layout engines.

webarchive is a Web archive file format available on macOS and Windows for saving and reviewing complete web pages using the Safari web browser. The webarchive format differs from a standalone HTML file because it also saves linked files such as images, CSS, and JavaScript. The webarchive format is a concatenation of source files with filenames saved in the binary plist format using NSKeyedArchiver. Support for webarchive documents was added in Safari 4 Beta on Windows and is included in subsequent versions. Safari in iOS 13 has support for web archive files. Previously there was a third party iOS app called Web Archive Viewer that provided this functionality.

Google Chrome is a web browser developed by Google. It was first released in 2008 for Microsoft Windows, built with free software components from Apple WebKit and Mozilla Firefox. Versions were later released for Linux, macOS, iOS, and also for Android, where it is the default browser. The browser is also the main component of ChromeOS, where it serves as the platform for web applications.

iCloud is a cloud service operated by Apple Inc. Launched on October 12, 2011, iCloud enables users to store and sync data across devices, including Apple Mail, Apple Calendar, Apple Photos, Apple Notes, contacts, settings, backups, and files, to collaborate with other users, and track assets through Find My. It is built into iOS, iPadOS, watchOS, tvOS, macOS, and visionOS. iCloud may additionally be accessed through a limited web interface and Windows application.

Notes is a notetaking app developed by Apple Inc. It is provided on the company's iOS, iPadOS, visionOS, and macOS operating systems, the latter starting with OS X Mountain Lion. It functions as a service for making short text notes, which can be synchronized between devices using Apple's iCloud service. The application uses a similar interface on iOS and macOS, with a non-textured paper background for notes and light yellow icons, suggesting pencil or crayon. Until 2013, both applications used a strongly skeuomorphic interface, with a lined, textured paper design; the Mountain Lion version placed this inside a leather folder. This design was replaced in OS X Mavericks and iOS 7.

OS X Mavericks is the 10th major release of macOS, Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. OS X Mavericks was announced on June 10, 2013, at WWDC 2013, and was released on October 22, 2013, worldwide.

OS X Yosemite is the eleventh major release of macOS, Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

OS X El Capitan is the twelfth major release of macOS, Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh. It focuses mainly on performance, stability, and security. Following the California location-based naming scheme introduced with OS X Mavericks, El Capitan was named after a rock formation in Yosemite National Park. El Capitan is the final version to be released under the name OS X. OS X El Capitan received far better reviews than Yosemite.

macOS Sierra is the thirteenth major release of macOS, Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. The name "macOS" stems from the intention to unify the operating system's name with that of iOS, watchOS and tvOS. Sierra is named after the Sierra Nevada mountain range in California and Nevada. Specifically, Mount Whitney is the location for macOS Sierra's default wallpaper. Its major new features concern Continuity, iCloud, and windowing, as well as support for Apple Pay and Siri.

iPadOS 15 is the third major release of the iPadOS operating system developed by Apple for its iPad line of tablet computers. The successor to iPadOS 14, it was announced at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) on June 7, 2021 along with iOS 15, macOS Monterey, watchOS 8, and tvOS 15. It was released to the public on September 20, 2021. It was succeeded by iPadOS 16, which was released on October 24, 2022.

• ↑ "Introduction to WebKit" . GitHub . Retrieved January 18, 2022 .
• ↑ Cross, Jason (April 2, 2021). "Five M1-native Mac browsers that might make you dump Safari" . Macworld . Archived from the original on April 14, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• 1 2 McElhearn, Kirk (August 22, 2019). "Is Safari the most private browser for iPhone and iPad?" . Intego . Archived from the original on January 15, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ "Apple apparently kills Windows PC support in Safari 6.0" . AppleInsider . July 25, 2012. Archived from the original on April 9, 2020 . Retrieved April 17, 2020 .
• ↑ Warren, Tom (July 25, 2012). "Apple removes Safari for Windows references and download links following version 6 release" . The Verge . Archived from the original on November 11, 2020 . Retrieved December 23, 2022 .
• ↑ Kahney, Leander (May 1, 2010). Inside Steve's Brain: Business Lessons from Steve Jobs, the Man Who Saved Apple . Atlantic Books. ISBN   978-1-84887-784-9 .
• 1 2 "RIP Netscape Navigator (1994–2008)" . Engadget . December 29, 2007. Archived from the original on December 23, 2022 . Retrieved December 23, 2022 .
• ↑ "Apple Releases Mac OS X Developer Preview 4 with Final API Specs" . Apple Inc. (Press release). May 15, 2000. Archived from the original on March 8, 2021 . Retrieved March 13, 2018 .
• ↑ Heisler, Yoni (January 15, 2013). "Apple's Safari browser was almost called 'Freedom,' thanks to Steve Jobs" . NetworkWorld . Archived from the original on May 1, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Kocienda, Ken (2018). Creative Selection: Inside Apple's Design Process During the Golden Age of Steve Jobs . New York, NY: St. Martin's Press . ISBN   978-1-250-19446-6 .
• ↑ Keizer, Gregg (January 8, 2013). "Apple's Safari turns 10" . Computerworld . Archived from the original on May 20, 2021 . Retrieved May 20, 2021 .
• ↑ Pour, Andreas (January 7, 2003). "Apple Announces New "Safari" Browser" . KDE Dot News . Archived from the original on October 27, 2020 . Retrieved January 4, 2006 .
• ↑ Allen, Danny (March 5, 2003). "Safari 1.0 Beta for Mac" . PC World . Archived from the original on November 28, 2020 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Powers, Jeffrey (June 23, 2016). "Safari 1.0 Released to Public" . Day In Tech History . Archived from the original on June 2, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ "Apple Announces Mac OS X "Panther" " . Apple Inc. (Press release). October 8, 2003. Archived from the original on May 4, 2021 . Retrieved May 17, 2021 .
• ↑ Hyatt, Dave (April 2005). "Surfin' Safari" . Mozillazine . Archived from the original on May 7, 2005.
• ↑ Hyatt, Dave (April 27, 2005). "Surfin' Safari" . Mozillazine . Safari Passes the Acid2 Test (Updated). Archived from the original on May 7, 2005.
• ↑ Hyatt, Dave (October 12, 2005). "Nightly Builds" . Webkit . Archived from the original on March 23, 2019 . Retrieved October 29, 2006 .
• ↑ "Safari JavaScriptCore-5523.10.3/ChangeLog" . OpenSource Apple . October 26, 2003. Archived from the original on February 5, 2021 . Retrieved May 17, 2021 .
• ↑ "About the Mac OS X 10.4.4 Update (Delta)" . Apple Inc. July 15, 2008. Archived from the original on February 28, 2009 . Retrieved September 12, 2015 .
• ↑ Block, R. (January 9, 2007). "Live from Macworld 2007: Steve Jobs keynote" . Engadget . Archived from the original on April 5, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Chartier, David (June 7, 2010). "iPhone OS gets new name, video calling" . Macworld . Archived from the original on March 8, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Gallagher, William (April 2, 2020). "How to automatically request a desktop version of a website on iOS" . AppleInsider . Archived from the original on March 7, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Block, R. (June 11, 2007). "Steve Jobs live from WWDC 2007" . Engadget . Archived from the original on April 16, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Czeiszperger, Michae (October 20, 2007). "Safari 3 Windows Performance Analysis" . Web Performance . Archived from the original on July 13, 2020 . Retrieved May 20, 2020 .
• ↑ Macnews (November 26, 2007). "Safari lässt die Konkurrenz auf dem PC hinter sich" . Macwelt (in German). Archived from the original on June 6, 2021 . Retrieved June 5, 2021 .
• ↑ "Apple Safari 3 Beta" . PCMag . January 1, 2008. Archived from the original on June 1, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Block, R. (June 14, 2007). "Apple releases Windows Safari 3.0.1, squishes security bugs" . Engadget . Archived from the original on August 5, 2020 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Vamosi, Robert (June 22, 2007). "Apple updates Safari with version 3.0.2 for Windows (beta)" . CNET . Archived from the original on November 25, 2020 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Ritchie, Rene (December 3, 2012). "iMore hall of fame: Apple and Mobile Safari" . iMore . Archived from the original on January 25, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ "Firefox user agent string reference" . Mozilla . May 17, 2021. Archived from the original on March 3, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Fisher, Ken (March 24, 2008). "Safari 3.1 on Windows: a true competitor arrives (seriously)" . Ars Technica . Archived from the original on March 14, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ "About the security content of Safari 3.1.2 for Windows" . Apple Inc. January 28, 2016. Archived from the original on March 1, 2020 . Retrieved September 12, 2015 .
• ↑ Keizer, Gregg (June 19, 2008). "Apple does about-face, fixes Safari's 'carpet bomb' bug" . Computerworld . Archived from the original on August 6, 2020.
• ↑ "Microsoft Security Advisory 953818" . Microsoft . April 14, 2009. Archived from the original on August 7, 2020 . Retrieved January 19, 2019 .
• ↑ "Inside Safari 3.2's anti-phishing features" . Macworld . MacJournals. October 24, 2008. Archived from the original on May 21, 2021 . Retrieved May 17, 2021 .
• ↑ Cohen, Peter (May 12, 2009). "Safari 3.2.3 improves security" . Macworld . Archived from the original on May 18, 2021 . Retrieved May 17, 2021 .
• ↑ Michaels, Philip (June 8, 2009). "Apple releases Safari 4 for Mac, Windows" . Macworld . Archived from the original on October 20, 2021 . Retrieved January 18, 2023 .
• ↑ Keizer, Gregg (September 28, 2008). "WebKit browser engine aces Acid3 test, stakes claim to No. 1" . Computerworld . Archived from the original on June 2, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ McDaniel, Adam (November 8, 2011). HTML5: Your Visual Blueprint for Designing Rich Web Pages and Applications . John Wiley & Sons. p.   7. ISBN   978-0-470-95222-1 .
• ↑ McLean, Prince (September 19, 2008). "SquirrelFish Extreme promises to speed JavaScript in Safari 4.0" . AppleInsider . Archived from the original on June 1, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ "Hands on: Safari 4 beta fast, mixes polish, rough UI edges" . Ars Technica . February 24, 2009. Archived from the original on June 22, 2020 . Retrieved September 12, 2015 .
• ↑ Chartier, David (February 24, 2009). "Hands on: Safari 4 beta fast, mixes polish, rough UI edges" . Ars Technica . Archived from the original on February 25, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Alderman, Nathan (June 17, 2009). "Safari 4" . Macworld . Archived from the original on June 1, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Moren, Dan (June 17, 2009). "Apple releases Safari 4.0.1, Bluetooth Firmware Update 2.0" . Macworld . Archived from the original on April 10, 2021 . Retrieved October 20, 2021 .
• ↑ McLean, Prince (August 26, 2008). "Road to Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard: 64-Bits" . AppleInsider . Archived from the original on May 21, 2019 . Retrieved October 20, 2021 .
• ↑ Michaels, Philip (June 8, 2009). "Apple releases Safari 4 for Mac, Windows" . Macworld . Archived from the original on October 20, 2021 . Retrieved October 20, 2021 .
• ↑ Foreman, Chris (November 11, 2009). "Safari 4.0.4 serves up security and performance fixes" . Ars Technica . Archived from the original on May 21, 2021 . Retrieved May 21, 2021 .
• ↑ Brinkmann, Martin (July 28, 2012). "Safari for Windows discontinued?" . Ghacks . Archived from the original on January 19, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Alderman, Nathan (June 20, 2010). "Apple Safari 5" . Macworld . Archived from the original on June 1, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Weintraub, Seth (June 7, 2010). "Apple Safari 5 download here" . 9to5Mac . Archived from the original on June 3, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Kessler, Topher (June 7, 2010). "Apple releases Safari 5.0, and Safari 4.1 for Tiger" . CNET . Archived from the original on May 18, 2021 . Retrieved May 17, 2021 .
• 1 2 3 Calore, Michael (June 8, 2010). "Review: New Features Bring Safari 5 Up to Speed" . Wired . Archived from the original on March 13, 2016 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Kessler, Topher (June 9, 2010). "How to use Safari's new 'Reader' " . CNET . Archived from the original on June 2, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Hinckley, Dan (June 9, 2010). "5 Best New Features of Safari 5" . Maciverse . Archived from the original on May 16, 2021 . Retrieved May 16, 2021 .
• ↑ Aggarwal, Sayam (June 18, 2010). "How To Enable & Manage Extensions In Safari 5" . Cult of Mac . Archived from the original on January 24, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ "Apple Adds iCloud Tab Syncing to Safari 5.2 developer preview" . MacRumors . March 16, 2012. Archived from the original on March 9, 2021 . Retrieved March 18, 2012 .
• ↑ Friedman, Lex (July 26, 2012). "Safari 6 available for Mountain Lion and Lion, but not Windows" . Macworld . Archived from the original on May 21, 2021 . Retrieved October 3, 2012 .
• ↑ Warren, Tom (July 25, 2012). "Apple removes Safari for Windows references and download links following version 6 release" . The Verge . Archived from the original on November 11, 2020.
• ↑ "Select your web browser(s)" . Microsoft . September 19, 2021. Archived from the original on September 19, 2012.
• ↑ Kim, Arnold (July 25, 2012). "Apple Releases Safari 6 Update for OS X Lion" . MacRumors . Archived from the original on March 8, 2021 . Retrieved May 20, 2021 .
• ↑ Panzarino, Matthew (July 26, 2012). "Safari 6.0 is the best version of Apple's browser yet" . The Next Web . Archived from the original on July 10, 2020 . Retrieved July 26, 2012 .
• 1 2 Alderman, Nathan (August 8, 2012). "Safari 6 a slight but sleek upgrade for Apple's browser" . Macworld . Archived from the original on May 18, 2021 . Retrieved May 17, 2021 .
• ↑ Evans, Jonny (June 7, 2010). "WWDC 2010: Live Blog" . Computerworld . Archived from the original on October 1, 2020 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Alderman, Nathan (October 28, 2013). "Safari 7 review: Mavericks browser saves battery life, brings further refinements" . Macworld . Archived from the original on June 2, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Beasley, Mike (June 10, 2013). "Apple introduces Safari 7 with design tweaks, memory, social improvements and more" . 9to5Mac . Archived from the original on May 20, 2021 . Retrieved May 21, 2021 .
• 1 2 Staff, AppleInsider (June 4, 2014). "OS X Yosemite first look: Safari 8 Smart Search, advanced tab controls, more" . AppleInsider . Archived from the original on August 6, 2020 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Loyola, Roman (September 30, 2015). "Apple releases Safari 9 for Yosemite" . Macworld . Archived from the original on May 18, 2021 . Retrieved May 17, 2021 .
• 1 2 Rossignol, Joe (September 20, 2016). "Safari 10 Now Available for OS X El Capitan and OS X Yosemite" . MacRumors . Archived from the original on March 8, 2021 . Retrieved June 12, 2017 .
• ↑ "About the security content of Safari 10" . Apple Inc. March 5, 2021. Archived from the original on September 4, 2021 . Retrieved October 23, 2021 .
• ↑ Keizer, Gregg (September 20, 2017). "Apple upgrades Safari for older versions of macOS" . Computerworld . Archived from the original on February 26, 2021 . Retrieved October 23, 2021 .
• ↑ AppleInsider Staff (June 23, 2016). "Apple releases Safari 10 beta for OS X El Capitan and OS X Yosemite" . AppleInsider . Archived from the original on November 8, 2020 . Retrieved October 23, 2021 .
• ↑ Davis, Jon (March 29, 2017). "New Web Features in Safari 10.1" . WebKit . Archived from the original on May 18, 2021 . Retrieved May 17, 2021 .
• ↑ Potuck, Michael (September 19, 2017). "Safari 11 now available for macOS Sierra and OS X El Capitan" . 9to5Mac . Retrieved April 21, 2024 .
• ↑ Wilander, John (June 5, 2017). "Intelligent Tracking Prevention" . Webkit . Archived from the original on May 1, 2021 . Retrieved September 4, 2019 .
• ↑ Loyola, Roman (November 4, 2017). "macOS High Sierra: How to turn off website tracking in Safari 11" . Macworld . Archived from the original on March 8, 2021 . Retrieved December 10, 2017 .
• 1 2 Statt, Nick (March 24, 2020). "Apple updates Safari's anti-tracking tech with full third-party cookie blocking" . The Verge . Archived from the original on March 3, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Wilmot, Stephen (December 24, 2017). "Apple Changes Business of Selling Your Browsing Data" . The Wall Street Journal . ISSN   0099-9660 . Archived from the original on June 23, 2020 . Retrieved April 11, 2021 .
• ↑ Wilander, John (June 4, 2018). "Intelligent Tracking Prevention 2.0" . Webkit . Archived from the original on May 6, 2021 . Retrieved September 4, 2019 .
• ↑ Chowdhry, Amit (October 8, 2018). "Apple Releases Important iOS 12.0.1 Update: What Features Are Included?" . Forbes . Archived from the original on November 9, 2020 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Schmitz, Agen (December 7, 2018). "Safari 12.0.2" . Tidbits . Archived from the original on June 2, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Pot, Justin (June 11, 2018). "macOS Mojave Will Break a Bunch of Safari Extensions" . How-To Geek . Archived from the original on March 8, 2021.
• ↑ Muchmore, Michael (October 7, 2019). "What's New in macOS Catalina" . PCMag . Archived from the original on February 28, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ "Safari 13 Released for Mac" . OS X Daily . September 19, 2019. Archived from the original on August 6, 2020 . Retrieved September 20, 2019 .
• ↑ Loyola, Roman (November 9, 2020). "macOS Big Sur 11: What's new in Safari 14" . Macworld . Archived from the original on May 19, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ "Apple Safari 14 claims to be "more than 50% faster than Chrome" and supports WebP format images for the first time" . iPhone Wired . June 23, 2020. Archived from the original on January 1, 2023 . Retrieved September 27, 2022 .
• ↑ Newman, Lily (June 22, 2020). "Apple Pushes Back Against Ad Tracking in Safari and iOS 14" . Wired . Archived from the original on March 8, 2021 . Retrieved July 2, 2020 .
• ↑ "Apple Developer Documentation" . Apple Inc. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021 . Retrieved June 21, 2021 .
• ↑ Espósito, Filipe (June 24, 2020). "Apple adds WebP, HDR support, and more to Safari with iOS 14 and macOS Big Sur" . 9to5Mac . Archived from the original on March 23, 2021 . Retrieved July 2, 2020 .
• 1 2 Cimpanu, Catalin (June 24, 2020). "Safari 14 removes Flash, gets support for breach alerts, HTTP/3, and WebP" . ZDNet . Archived from the original on August 6, 2020 . Retrieved July 27, 2020 .
• ↑ Clover, Juli (September 16, 2020). "Apple Releases Safari 14 for Mac Ahead of macOS Big Sur Launch" . MacRumors . Archived from the original on February 2, 2021 . Retrieved September 17, 2020 .
• ↑ Hilliard, Wesley (December 14, 2020). "Ecosia now a default search engine option on iOS, iPadOS, macOS" . AppleInsider . Archived from the original on May 18, 2021 . Retrieved May 17, 2021 .
• ↑ M Wolfe, Bryan (June 8, 2021). "The best new Safari features in macOS 12 Monterey" . TechRadar . Archived from the original on June 12, 2021 . Retrieved June 11, 2021 .
• ↑ Slivka, Eric (June 10, 2021). "When Will the iOS 15 Public Beta Be Released?" . MacRumors . Archived from the original on June 12, 2021 . Retrieved June 11, 2021 .
• ↑ MacRumors Staff (June 11, 2021). "macOS Monterey" . MacRumors . Archived from the original on June 12, 2021 . Retrieved June 11, 2021 .
• ↑ Simmons, Jen (September 12, 2022). "WebKit Features in Safari 16.0" . WebKit . Apple. Archived from the original on September 25, 2022 . Retrieved October 4, 2022 .
• ↑ "Safari 16 Release Notes" . Apple . Archived from the original on October 6, 2022 . Retrieved October 4, 2022 .
• ↑ "Apple Releases Safari 16 With Tab Group Start Pages, Cross-Device Syncing for Website Settings, Strong Password Updates and More" . MacRumors . September 12, 2022 . Retrieved April 22, 2023 .
• ↑ "Apple Releases Safari 16 With Tab Group Start Pages, Cross-Device Syncing for Website Settings, Strong Password Updates and More" . MacRumors . August 19, 2022 . Retrieved April 22, 2023 .
• ↑ Eidson, Brady; Simmons, Jen (February 16, 2023). "Web Push for Web Apps on iOS and iPadOS" . WebKit . Retrieved April 22, 2023 .
• ↑ "Sending web push notifications in web apps, Safari, and other browsers" . Apple Developer Documentation . Retrieved April 22, 2023 .
• 1 2 "iOS 17: Nine New Features Available in Safari" . MacRumors . July 28, 2023 . Retrieved August 5, 2023 .
• 1 2 Angle, Patrick; Avenard, Jean-Yves; Caceres, Marcos; Cannon, Ada Rose; Carlson, Eric; Davidson, Garrett; Davis, Jon; Dubost, Karl; Eidson, Brady (June 6, 2023). "News from WWDC23: WebKit Features in Safari 17 beta" . WebKit . Retrieved August 5, 2023 .
• ↑ "Safari 17 Release Notes" .
• ↑ "Safari 18 Features: Highlights, New Reader Mode, and Video Viewer" . MacRumors . June 12, 2024 . Retrieved June 30, 2024 .
• ↑ Lim, George (January 25, 2011). "Daily Tip: Bookmarking websites to your iPhone, iPad home screen" . iMore . Archived from the original on January 20, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Shankland, Stephen (September 20, 2019). "iPadOS upgrades Safari, and now I love my iPad" . CNET . Archived from the original on March 3, 2020 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ "Full Screen Mode, Safari" . O'Reilly . Archived from the original on June 2, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Ritchie, Rene; Keller, Joseph; Velasquez, Sergio (October 5, 2020). "How to organize photos into albums on iPhone or iPad" . iMore . Archived from the original on May 16, 2021 . Retrieved May 16, 2021 .
• ↑ Hinckley, Dan (May 6, 2019). "5 Best New Features of Safari 5" . Maciverse . Archived from the original on May 17, 2021 . Retrieved May 16, 2021 .
• ↑ Biersdorfer, J.D. (November 5, 2014). "How to See a Full Web Address on the Safari Browser" . The New York Times . Archived from the original on March 3, 2015 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Foresman, Chris (November 22, 2010). "Apple releases iOS 4.2 with free Find My Phone for some" . Ars Technica . Archived from the original on August 7, 2020 . Retrieved November 29, 2010 .
• ↑ Staff, Macworld (November 22, 2010). "iOS 4.2: Ten great features" . Macworld . Archived from the original on June 2, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Foreman, Chris (June 17, 2011). "iOS 5 finally brings Nitro JavaScript speed to home screen Web apps" . Ars Technica . Archived from the original on September 26, 2020 . Retrieved September 18, 2020 .
• 1 2 3 Frakes, Dan (October 13, 2011). "Up close with iOS 5: Safari" . Macworld . Archived from the original on June 2, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Frakes, Dan (September 19, 2012). "Hands on with iOS 6: Safari" . Macworld . Archived from the original on April 28, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Hong, Kaylene (September 19, 2013). "With iOS 7, Windows users can sync their iCloud bookmarks to Chrome and Firefox" . TNW . Archived from the original on June 2, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Frakes, Dan (May 22, 2014). "iOS 8 changes we'd like to see: Safari" . Macworld . Archived from the original on May 21, 2021 . Retrieved May 16, 2021 .
• ↑ Viticci, Federico (June 24, 2015). "iOS 9 and Safari View Controller: The Future of Web Views" . Macstories . Archived from the original on March 9, 2021 . Retrieved May 16, 2021 .
• ↑ Chowdhry, Amit (September 19, 2016). "Apple iOS 10: 50 Awesome Features You Should Know About And How To Use Them" . Forbes . Archived from the original on June 2, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Hughes, Neil (September 28, 2016). "Inside iOS 10: Split-screen view in Safari for iPad boosts productivity" . AppleInsider . Archived from the original on July 20, 2020 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Macrumors Staff (September 17, 2018). "iOS 11" . MacRumors . Archived from the original on October 16, 2020 . Retrieved May 16, 2021 .
• ↑ Handy Reoundups (August 8, 2018). "Top 9 New Safari Features in iOS 12 for iPhone" . Gadget Hacks . Archived from the original on May 21, 2021 . Retrieved May 16, 2021 .
• ↑ Clover, Juli (June 10, 2020). "Safari: Complete Guide to iOS 13" . MacRumors . Archived from the original on March 1, 2021 . Retrieved May 16, 2021 .
• ↑ Clover, Juli (March 23, 2021). "Safari iOS 14 Guide: Privacy Report, Built-In Translation, Compromised Password Alerts and More" . MacRumors . Archived from the original on August 10, 2020 . Retrieved May 16, 2021 .
• ↑ Staff, MacRumors (May 26, 2021). "Safari Technology Preview" . MacRumors . Archived from the original on February 26, 2021 . Retrieved June 2, 2021 .
• ↑ Rossignol, Joe (June 10, 2015). "OS X El Capitan to Bring New Safari Extensions Gallery as Part of Unified $99 Developer Program" . MacRumors . Archived from the original on May 18, 2021 . Retrieved May 18, 2021 .
• ↑ Blair, Hanley Frank (June 9, 2015). "Apple now charges Safari extension developers for distribution" . Computerworld . Archived from the original on October 23, 2021 . Retrieved October 23, 2021 .
• ↑ "Safari Update 1.3.2" . support.apple.com. January 11, 2006 . Retrieved August 10, 2012 .
• ↑ "Safari 4.1.3 for Tiger" . support.apple.com. November 18, 2010 . Retrieved August 10, 2012 .
• ↑ "Safari 5.0.6 for Leopard" . support.apple.com. July 20, 2011 . Retrieved August 10, 2012 .
• ↑ "Safari 5.1.10 for Snow Leopard" . support.apple.com. September 12, 2013 . Retrieved September 13, 2013 .
• ↑ "About the security content of Safari 6.1.6 and Safari 7.0.6" . support.apple.com. August 13, 2014 . Retrieved October 26, 2014 .
• ↑ "About the security content of Safari 8.0.8, Safari 7.1.8, and Safari 6.2.8" . Apple Inc. August 13, 2015 . Retrieved August 16, 2015 .
• ↑ "About the security content of Safari 9.1.3" . Apple Inc. September 2, 2016 . Retrieved September 18, 2016 .
• ↑ "About the security content of Safari 10.1.2" . Apple Inc. July 19, 2017. Archived from the original on July 20, 2017 . Retrieved July 23, 2017 .
• ↑ "About the security content of Safari 11.1.2" . Apple Inc. July 9, 2018. Archived from the original on July 10, 2018 . Retrieved July 9, 2018 .
• ↑ "About the security content of Safari 12.1.2" . Apple Inc. July 22, 2019. Archived from the original on July 23, 2019 . Retrieved July 23, 2019 .
• ↑ "About the security content of Safari 13.1.2" . Apple Inc. July 15, 2020 . Retrieved July 18, 2020 .
• ↑ "About the security content of Safari 14.1.2" . Apple Inc. September 13, 2021 . Retrieved September 13, 2021 .
• ↑ "About the security content of Safari 15.6.1" . Apple Inc. August 18, 2022 . Retrieved September 20, 2022 .
• ↑ "About the security content of Safari 16.6.1" . Apple Inc. September 21, 2023 . Retrieved September 21, 2023 .
• ↑ "Safari 17.5 Release Notes" . Apple Inc. May 13, 2024 . Retrieved May 14, 2024 .
• ↑ "Safari 5.1.7 for Windows" . support.apple.com. May 9, 2012 . Retrieved August 10, 2012 .
• ↑ Trapani, Gina (May 4, 2005). "Safari's private (porn) browsing mode" . Lifehacker . Archived from the original on May 23, 2020 . Retrieved May 21, 2021 .
• ↑ Buckler, Craig (August 6, 2012). "What's New in Safari 6 and Why Dropping Windows is a Mistake" . SitePoint . Archived from the original on June 12, 2019 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Lawson, Nolan (June 30, 2015). "Safari is the new IE" . Nolan Lawson . Archived from the original on May 22, 2020 . Retrieved May 18, 2020 .
• ↑ Hern, Alex (September 18, 2017). "Apple blocking ads that follow users around web is 'sabotage', says industry" . The Guardian . ISSN   0261-3077 . Archived from the original on March 23, 2021 . Retrieved September 26, 2017 .
• ↑ Swant, Marty (September 14, 2017). "Every Major Advertising Group Is Blasting Apple for Blocking Cookies in the Safari Browser" . AdWeek . Archived from the original on April 1, 2018 . Retrieved September 26, 2017 .
• ↑ "Apple Neutered Ad Blockers In Safari, But Unlike Chrome, Users Didn't Say a Thing - Slashdot" . Slashdot . September 23, 2019. Archived from the original on February 26, 2021 . Retrieved September 24, 2019 .
• 1 2 Cimpanu, Catalin (September 21, 2019). "Apple neutered ad blockers in Safari, but unlike Chrome, users didn't say a thing" . ZDNet . Archived from the original on November 16, 2019 . Retrieved September 24, 2019 .
• ↑ Bradbury, Danny (September 24, 2019). "Apple restricts old adblocking tech" . Naked Security . Archived from the original on November 26, 2019 . Retrieved September 24, 2019 .
• ↑ Orr, Andrew (September 20, 2019). "Safari 13 Just Killed uBlock Origin and Other Extensions" . The Mac Observer . Archived from the original on December 2, 2019 . Retrieved September 24, 2019 .
• ↑ "Safari 15 for macOS now available: New macOS tabs will transform your workflow" . Macworld . Archived from the original on December 23, 2022 . Retrieved December 23, 2022 .
• ↑ Mayo, Benjamin (December 23, 2022). "macOS Ventura: How to share tabs and collaborate with others in Safari" . 9to5Mac . Archived from the original on December 23, 2022 . Retrieved December 23, 2022 .
• ↑ Robertson, Adi (June 2, 2014). "Apple Handoff lets Macs and iPhones share files, phone calls, and more" . The Verge . Archived from the original on December 23, 2022 . Retrieved December 23, 2022 .
• ↑ Cunningham, Andrew (September 17, 2014). "iOS 8, thoroughly reviewed" . Ars Technica . Archived from the original on December 23, 2022 . Retrieved December 23, 2022 .
• ↑ Chant, Tim De (September 13, 2022). "Safari 16 finally adds a feature I've been missing since OmniWeb went defunct" . TechCrunch . Retrieved February 7, 2024 .
• ↑ "What Is Cocoa?" . Apple Developer Connection . Archived from the original on August 12, 2009 . Retrieved August 19, 2009 . Most of the applications you see on Mac OS X and iPhone OS, including Mail and Safari, are Cocoa applications.
• ↑ Wollman, Dana (September 10, 2013). "iOS 7 will be 64-bit, just like the iPhone 5s' new A7 chip" . Engadget . Archived from the original on March 2, 2020 . Retrieved September 12, 2015 .
• ↑ Carlsson, Anders (April 8, 2010). "Announcing WebKit2" . Webkit . Archived from the original on May 21, 2021 . Retrieved April 10, 2010 .
• ↑ "Source code repository for public parts of Safari 5.1" . Webkit . Archived from the original on March 23, 2019 . Retrieved July 20, 2011 .
• ↑ Beasley, Mike (June 3, 2014). "iOS 8 WebKit changes finally allow all apps to have the same performance as Safari" . 9to5mac . Archived from the original on March 8, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ MacRumors Staff (September 28, 2015). "iOS 8: New Features" . MacRumors . Archived from the original on May 25, 2021 . Retrieved June 1, 2021 .
• ↑ Cheng, Jacqui (July 10, 2007). "iPhone in depth: The Ars review" . Ars Technica . Retrieved June 5, 2023 .
• ↑ Block, Ryan (July 3, 2007). "iPhone review, part 2: Phone, Mail, Safari, iPod" . Engadget . Retrieved June 5, 2023 .
• ↑ Axon, Samuel (October 11, 2019). "iPadOS review: The iPad is dead, long live the iPad" . Ars Technica . Retrieved June 5, 2023 .
• ↑ Viticci, Federico. "iOS and iPadOS 13: The MacStories Review" . Retrieved June 5, 2023 .
• 1 2 Pierce, David (January 20, 2024). "The Vision Pro's first killer app is the web, whether Apple likes it or not" . The Verge . Vox Media . Retrieved July 30, 2024 .
• ↑ Shakir, Umar (June 6, 2023). "Apple announces new Safari profiles and WebKit features" . The Verge . Vox Media . Retrieved July 30, 2024 .
• ↑ Clover, Juli (September 15, 2023). "iOS 17 Safari Features: Profiles, Locked Private Browser, Shared Passwords, Updated Tracking Prevention and More" . MacRumors . Retrieved July 30, 2024 .
• ↑ Hardwick, Tim (September 10, 2021). "iOS 15: How to Download and Install Safari Web Extensions" . MacRumors . Retrieved July 30, 2024 .
• ↑ Timmer, John (June 11, 2007). "Safari does Windows" . Ars Technica . Retrieved November 19, 2023 .
• ↑ Mortensen, Pete (June 11, 2007). "WWDC: Safari 3 on Windows Review" . Wired . Retrieved July 30, 2024 .
• ↑ LaMonica, Martin (March 21, 2008). "Mozilla CEO says Apple's Safari auto-update 'wrong' " . CNET . Archived from the original on July 24, 2015 . Retrieved June 12, 2008 .
• ↑ Slivka, Eric (July 25, 2012). "Apple's Removes Mentions of Safari for Windows, But Version 5.1.7 Still Available For Now [ Updated ] " . MacRumors . Retrieved July 30, 2024 .
• ↑ "Update to the latest version of Safari - Apple Support" . October 24, 2022 . Retrieved November 9, 2023 .
• ↑ "Browser Market Share Worldwide of 2009" . Statcounter . 2009. Archived from the original on July 30, 2020 . Retrieved May 19, 2021 .
• ↑ "Browser Market Share Worldwide of 2010" . Statcounter . 2010. Archived from the original on April 24, 2021 . Retrieved May 19, 2021 .
• ↑ "Browser Market Share Worldwide of 2011" . Statcounter . 2011. Archived from the original on April 24, 2021 . Retrieved May 19, 2021 .
• ↑ "Browser Market Share Worldwide of 2012" . Statcounter . 2012. Archived from the original on May 16, 2021 . Retrieved May 19, 2021 .
• ↑ "Browser Market Share Worldwide of 2014" . Statcounter . 2014. Archived from the original on June 14, 2020 . Retrieved May 19, 2021 .
• 1 2 "Browser Market Share Worldwide of 2015" . Statcounter . 2015. Archived from the original on June 14, 2020 . Retrieved May 19, 2021 .
• ↑ "Browser Market Share Worldwide of 2016" . Statcounter . 2016. Archived from the original on May 16, 2021 . Retrieved May 19, 2021 .
• ↑ "Browser Market Share Worldwide of 2017" . Statcounter . 2017. Archived from the original on May 16, 2021 . Retrieved May 19, 2021 .
• ↑ "Browser Market Share Worldwide of 2018" . Statcounter . 2018. Archived from the original on May 16, 2021 . Retrieved May 19, 2021 .
• ↑ "Browser Market Share Worldwide of 2019" . Statcounter . 2019. Archived from the original on March 11, 2021 . Retrieved May 19, 2021 .
• ↑ "Browser Market Share Worldwide of 2020" . Statcounter . 2020. Archived from the original on May 16, 2021 . Retrieved May 19, 2021 .
• ↑ "Browser Market Share Worldwide of September 2021" . Statcounter . 2021. Archived from the original on December 8, 2021 . Retrieved December 10, 2021 .
• 1 2 Hardwick, Tim (May 3, 2022). "Microsoft Edge Overtakes Safari as World's Second Most Popular Desktop Browser" . MacRumors . Archived from the original on May 8, 2022 . Retrieved May 3, 2022 .
• ↑ "Apple's Safari Again Overtakes Microsoft Edge as Second Most Popular Desktop Browser" . MacRumors . May 2, 2023 . Retrieved May 28, 2023 .
• ↑ Long, Joshua (July 30, 2012). "Where are the Safari security updates for Windows and Snow Leopard? Users left exposed" . Naked Security . Archived from the original on August 3, 2020 . Retrieved July 30, 2012 .
• ↑ "About the security content of Safari 6" . Apple Inc. July 25, 2012. Archived from the original on June 22, 2020.
• ↑ "Safari 5.1.10 for Snow Leopard" . Apple Inc. September 12, 2013. Archived from the original on July 14, 2016 . Retrieved February 5, 2015 .
• ↑ "Safari 5.1.7 for Windows" . Apple Inc. May 9, 2012. Archived from the original on December 27, 2012 . Retrieved December 27, 2012 .
• ↑ Verry, Tim (August 6, 2012). "Apple No Longer Updating Safari for Windows, Users Should Switch To A More Secure Browser" . PC Perspective . Archived from the original on November 27, 2020 . Retrieved February 5, 2015 .
• ↑ Bond, John-Michael (February 28, 2014). "Apple isn't updating Snow Leopard anymore, here's what you should know" . The Unofficial Apple Weblog . Archived from the original on February 5, 2015 . Retrieved February 5, 2015 .
• ↑ Claburn, Thomas. "Web devs rally to challenge Apple App Store browser rules" . The Register . Retrieved June 5, 2023 .
• ↑ Price, David. "How to choose your own default apps for email, browsing & music" . Macworld . Retrieved June 5, 2023 .
• ↑ Berthene, April (May 2, 2017). "Apple keeps Safari at Chrome's core, and that's a drag on consumers' mobile experience" . Digital Commerce 360 . Archived from the original on April 8, 2020 . Retrieved March 22, 2021 .
• ↑ Charlton, Hartley (February 25, 2022). "Should Apple Continue to Ban Rival Browser Engines on iOS?" . MacRumors . Retrieved June 5, 2023 .
• ↑ Claburn, Thomas. "UK antitrust regulator forced to abandon Apple probe" . The Register . Retrieved June 7, 2023 .
• ↑ Claburn, Thomas. "Mozilla, Google looking ahead to the end of Apple's WebKit" . The Register . Retrieved June 7, 2023 .
• ↑ Nylen, Leah (November 13, 2023). "Apple Gets 36% of Google Revenue in Search Deal, Expert Says" . Bloomberg News . Retrieved November 14, 2023 .
• Official website
• Apple silicon
• 300-page bill
• Antennagate
• Batterygate
• Jailbreaking
• Free and open-source apps
• iPhone history
• iPhone hardware
• Italics denote upcoming products
• Italics denote upcoming products.
• Digg Reader
• Google News
• Google Reader
• LinkedIn Pulse
• Newsknowledge
• The Old Reader
• Tiny Tiny RSS
• Windows Live Personalized Experience
• Comparison of feed aggregators
• History of media aggregation
• RSS enclosure
• Comparisons

• Kelly McCoy
• Nov 5, 2020

A History of the Modern Day African Safari & its Role in Sustainable Development

Updated: Nov 7, 2022

An African safari  can be one of the most unforgettable experiences of a lifetime, and plays an important role in Africa’s economic development, conservation, and sustainability.  But do you wonder how the modern day safari came to be?

Where does the word Safari come from?

In the Swahili language, the word “safari" means “journey”. Originally from the Arabic verb “safar" which roughly translated means “to make a journey”. Swahili is the primary language spoken throughout much of East Africa and the Congo.

Trade Routes – Beginning of the first Safaris

The earliest safaris recorded were primarily focused around the trade routes. With the Arabic and African cultures so closely connected in early human history, there would often be large caravans of traders traveling across vast landscapes to bring their wares from one city to the next.

During the 18th century, trading was a profitable and successful business as many prized items, and unfortunately even people, were sold and used for barter. During the colonial era, European safari caravans were large-scale operations that involved a huge crew along with supplies and weapons.

Safaris evolve into Adventure and Exploration

Fortunately, the safari that was associated with slave trade ended before the turn of the 20th century, changing the purpose of safaris from a business focus to one of adventure and exploration. Adventures in Africa at this point were marked by great discoveries of new species of plants, animals, and birds, each one as bright and exotic as the last. And the expeditions discovered awe inspiring landscapes that were both treacherous and beautiful.

Hunting Safaris

Unfortunately, along with these naturalists and men of science came the hunters. Too often, the safari became associated with the “hunt,” that is, conquering the big unattainable wild beasts and returning from the hunt with trophies. Of great renown were hunters like William Cornwallis Harris, who not only hunted big game, but documented the hunts so that everyone would be aware of his courageous adventures into the African wilderness. This gave rise to the familiar imagery we associate with the word ‘safari’ today. East African hunting safaris became a fashionable pursuit among members of the privileged classes in Europe and America.

The Birth of the Modern Safari & Sustainable Tourism

Ironically, it’s because of men like Harris that the conservation movement was born! This movement would ultimately help save these pillaged areas of Africa and the native wildlife, allowing them to continue to exist unspoiled for future generations. Today, the modern safari is far from what it was. Tourists now participate in wildlife viewing of the African savanna, forests, and rivers, shooting them with cameras, and mounting photos on their walls. Africa’s tourism industry provides many jobs for local people and offers them the opportunity to support their families and communities through the strength of ecotourism.

Africa's national parks, reserves and local communities need a steady stream of visitors to do their important work, so in a very real sense, you are making a difference simply by taking a safari.  

Learn, Serve & Immerse on Community-based Safari

Global Family Travels invites you to safar with us on a unique vacation to discover the extraordinary wildlife and connect with the rich cultures of the people throughout eastern and southern Africa! On our African Safaris , we offer options to Learn, Serve, Immerse in the countries of South Africa , Tanzania , and Zimbabwe , and custom safaris to other destinations in Africa. Each destination provides unique and authentic African cultural experiences to connect you with the people and communities we work with!

Want to learn more about the history of safaris? J oin us on Saturday, November 14th for a free travel event to learn more about the history of safaris, which will also show how you can make a difference for local communities and wildlife in Africa. RSVP here   to register!

#historyofsafari #safari #Africasafari #familysafari #Africa #travel

Recent Posts

Transformational Trips to Support the Global Goals

Bhutan: How Sustainability Builds Happiness

Bantu Languages: Connecting Culture and Travel in Africa

Ecotourism emerged as a sustainable way to experience Africa’s wildlife while minimizing environmental impact dinosaur game . It focused on conservation and benefiting local communities.

Choose Premier Pool Fence Orlando to add a layer of protection for your child, preventing water accidents and allowing them to enjoy swimming safely at home. baby fences for pools .

Stamped Concrete Boca Raton is the premier driveway resurfacing contractor in Boca Raton, renowned for their high-quality craftsmanship and innovative design solutions. With a commitment to customer satisfaction and durable, beautiful results, they transform ordinary driveways into stunning, long-lasting surfaces .

Hardcoat stucco repair involves fixing a traditional, thick stucco system that includes multiple layers of cement-based material applied over a solid substrate, providing durability and impact resistance. In contrast, normal stucco repair often deals with a thinner, more modern system that may include synthetic materials, making it quicker to apply but potentially less durable and more prone to damage over time.

https://fngames.co iss an amazing

Safari is a web browser developed by Apple, based on the WebKit rendering engine and JavaScriptCore scripting runtime. It has been included with macOS since 10.3 Panther , replacing Internet Explorer for Mac as the default web browser, and with iOS since its initial release. It previously supported Windows between versions 3.0 and 5.1.7.

While Safari is an operating system component, on macOS, it can be updated independently of the core operating system. Typically, a major Safari version branch will continue to support the previous two releases of macOS, with these updates distributed via Software Update .

User agent string

Safari can be identified by its User-Agent string, an HTTP header that identifies browsers ("user agents") to web servers and JavaScript programs.

Much of the user agent string contains tokens that are retained for compatibility reasons. Tokens relevant to identifying Safari and its host operating system are bolded.

WebKit constructs all of the user agent string up to the end of (KHTML, like Gecko) ; the rest is controlled by the browser, such as Safari. Non-Safari browsers making use of WebKit may change some or all of the user agent string.

Safari 0.x - 2.x releases use a string of the following format:

This example identifies:

• A PowerPC -based Mac running an unspecified version of Mac OS X
• WebKit build 85.7
• Safari build 85.5 (version 1.0.1)
• English (US) system language

Intel Macs, supported as of Safari 2.0, substitute PPC for Intel .

When the WebKit build is an unstable nightly, a plus sign is appended to the version, for instance, AppleWebKit/522+ .

With Safari 3.0, this was extended to include the Safari browser version number:

This identifies a PowerPC -based Mac running Mac OS X, Safari 3.0.2 build 522.12, and WebKit 522.11.

This identifies Windows XP , running Safari 3.0.2 build 522.11.3, and WebKit 522.11.3.

With Safari 3.1, the version number of Mac OS X was added. Notably, periods are substituted for underscores. Windows version numbers continue to use periods.

The release of Safari on the iPhone introduced a variant of the user agent string:

This identifies iPhone OS 1.0 build 1A543a on an iPhone , running Safari 3.0 build 419.3, and WebKit build 420+ (implies a nightly build).

The release of the iPod touch brought a minor variation of this user agent string, substituting iPhone for iPod .

With Safari 3.1 and iPhone OS 2.0, the operating system becomes identified as iPhone OS. This name continues to be used today for compatibility. This may have been added to ensure iPod touch devices received content intended for iPhones and other smartphones.

This identifies iPhone OS 2.0 build 5A347 on an iPod touch .

The user agent string remains identical across all platforms supported by Safari, until the release of the iPad . This makes a minor change to remove the iPhone keyword from the string, ensuring iPads receive content intended for large displays, rather than smartphones.

This identifies iPhone OS 3.2 build 7B367 on an iPad .

Safari 5.0 and iOS 5.0 remove the language identifier from the user agent string.

Safari 5.1 and iOS 5.0.1 remove the encryption strength indicator that had been obsolete since 2000. As the highest level was U (128-bit encryption strength, for use in the United States and Canada), this was indicated by most browsers for compatibility with servers that might otherwise use inferior encryption strength, increasing risk of data being decrypted by an attacker.

iOS 7.0 on iPod touch changes the device model identification from simply iPod to the more accurate iPod touch . The end result is the following string formats:

Freezing the user agent string

Due to a combination of the unreliability and complexity of user agent strings, and Apple's increased focus on privacy in Safari, parts of the user agent string have been deprecated by "freezing" version numbers and other platform-specific identifiers.

As of Safari 11.1, released with macOS High Sierra 10.13.4 and iOS 11.3, WebKit and Safari are both always identified as build 605.1.15 . On iOS, the operating system build is now hardcoded to 15E148 . This number doesn't point to a released build of any operating system, but the "15E" prefix matches iOS 11.3. The released build of 11.3 is 15E216.

As of Safari 15.0, released with macOS Big Sur 11.0 and iPadOS 13.0, desktop devices are always identified as Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7 . This likely occurred because renaming the Intel identifier for Apple Silicon , and changing the version number from 10_xx_y to 11_x_y , would cause some websites to fail to identify Mac users.

This release also enables "Request Desktop Site" by default on iPads, causing all requests to use the Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7 user agent string. The user agent string and navigator JavaScript object fully spoof the device as being an Intel Mac. It is still possible to identify an iPad by some of its other characteristics, such as multitouch capability.

watchOS 5.0 and later include the ability to view web pages in a limited instance of Safari. Apple Watch devices identify as an iPhone in the user agent string.

Safari and WebKit on Apple Vision match iPad behavior, using "Request Desktop Site" by default. When requesting a mobile site, it identifies as an iPad with the equivalent iOS version number to the current version of visionOS .

Current user agent strings for desktop mode appear as the following:

As highlighted by the bold sections, the only accurate identifiers are indications that the browser and engine are Safari and WebKit, and the Safari version in this case is 18.0.

Current user agent strings for mobile mode appear as the following:

The device class is identified (via either iPhone or iPad ), and the operating system version is accurately identified in this case as 18.0.

Version History

Safari is built into iOS, and can not be upgraded separately. Starting with iOS 14, the Safari releases closely follow those on macOS. Prior to this, it was typical that Safari on iOS would significantly lag behind macOS releases. However, on occasion, bug fixes would be backported through minor updates to the system WebKit component.

Prior to iOS 7, WebKit's text rendering functionality was used to render UIKit labels, text fields, and text views.

Safari 3 for Windows was announced by Steve Jobs at the WWDC 2007 keynote as a strategy for "Safari's market share to grow substantially". [2] Apple controversially used its existing install base of iTunes customers on Windows to distribute Safari 3.1 as a "recommended" update in Software Update , selected to be installed by default when the user may believe they are simply installing an iTunes update. The move was criticized by Mozilla CEO John Lilly. [3] Apple later [ when? ] changed Safari's Software Update entry to require the user to manually select it for installation.

Safari for Windows was silently discontinued after version 5.1.7 was released on 9 May 2012  ( 2012-05-09 ) . No official explanation was given, however it has been assumed to be a combination of its lack of success in gaining more than approximately 4.85% of desktop browser market share, and the introduction of Google Chrome in 2008, at the time being based on WebKit . [4] WebKit nightly builds continued to be released for Windows until 16 October 2012  ( 2012-10-16 ) . [5]

Safari 3 was initially announced with support for Windows XP and Windows Vista. While not documented by Apple, it was also found to run on Windows 2000 until 3.1.2. The final 5.1.7 release supports Windows XP Service Pack 2, Windows Vista, and Windows 7.

Safari Beta

Safari technology preview.

Safari Technology Preview is a version of Safari that is regularly updated with recent WebKit development work. It is similar to Google Chrome Dev and Firefox Developer Edition , in that a release is made every few weeks, allowing web developers to test new changes before they appear in the stable release. While the previews are typically stable, they are still not intended for general use.

• ^ a b https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data/blob/main/browsers/safari.json
• ^ https://www.engadget.com/2007-06-11-steve-jobs-live-from-wwdc-2007.html
• ^ http://john.jubjubs.net/2008/03/21/apple-software-update/
• ^ https://gs.statcounter.com/browser-version-market-share/desktop/worldwide/#monthly-200901-201401
• ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20130116101852/http://nightly.webkit.org/builds/trunk/win/1
• ^ a b https://www.macrumors.com/2016/03/30/apple-safari-technology-preview-browser/
• ^ https://webkit.org/blog/category/safari-technology-preview/