travel guidebooks for turkey

5 Best Turkey Travel Guides & Travel Books

• Post author: Avoid Crowds
• Post published: December 27, 2020
• Post category: Travel Guides
• Post comments: 4 Comments

Updated: March 13, 2024

Istanbul, the cultural and historical hub of Turkey, attracts millions of travelers every year. To make the most of your trip, it’s important to properly plan your itinerary and familiarize yourself with the local customs and norms. Our handpicked selection of the best travel guides for Istanbul can help you do just that. These books are full of insider tips, practical information, and recommendations for the top tourist attractions, restaurants, and experiences. Whether you’re a first-time visitor or a seasoned traveler, these travel guides are an essential tool for exploring this vibrant and bustling city.

With so many things to see and do in Istanbul, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed by the sheer number of options. But with the help of a good travel guide, you can navigate the city with confidence and make the most of your time. From the stunning architecture of the Hagia Sophia to the colorful bazaars of the Grand Bazaar, there’s something for everyone in Istanbul. Whether you’re looking to immerse yourself in history and culture, or simply relax and enjoy the local cuisine, these travel guides will help you make the most of your visit to this incredible city.

• All books have been handpicked by us!
• Books with bad reviews are left out.
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Lonely Planet Turkey

Lonely Planet’s Turkey 16 is the ultimate travel guide for anyone planning a trip to this fascinating country. From the bustling city of Istanbul to the breathtaking landscapes of Cappadocia, this guide covers it all. With up-to-date information, insider tips, and cultural insights, you’ll have everything you need to make the most of your trip.

What sets this guide apart from the rest is its focus on providing travelers with the best possible experience. With its NEW top experiences feature, you’ll get a visually inspiring collection of Turkey’s must-see sights, as well as recommendations for lesser-known hidden gems. And with its NEW pull-out “Just Landed” card, you’ll have all the essential information you need to make your journey from the airport to your hotel a smooth one.

Whether you’re traveling solo or with your family, Lonely Planet’s Turkey has something for everyone. From its detailed planning tools for family travelers to its honest reviews for all budgets, this guide is the perfect choice for anyone looking to discover the beauty and diversity of Turkey. So don’t miss out on this comprehensive guide, start planning your trip to Turkey today!

Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia

If you’re looking for an insider’s guide to Istanbul, look no further than Rick Steves’ Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia. This guidebook provides comprehensive coverage for a week-long stay in Istanbul and beyond, with top sights and hidden gems, recommendations on how to connect with local culture, tips on avoiding crowds and tourist traps, and more. With self-guided walking tours, detailed neighborhood maps, and strategic advice from Rick Steves Europe tour guides, you’ll have everything you need to fully immerse yourself in the wonders of East and West.

Whether you’re interested in visiting world-famous monuments, shopping in the lively Grand Bazaar, or relaxing in a traditional Turkish bath, Rick Steves’ Istanbul has got you covered. The guidebook is also packed with practical resources, such as a packing list, a Turkish phrase book, and a historical overview, to help make your travels as smooth and stress-free as possible. With over 400 pages of in-depth information, this guidebook is the perfect companion for your trip to Istanbul, Ephesus, and Cappadocia.

Fodor's Essential Turkey

Fodor’s Essential Turkey is a comprehensive travel guidebook that provides in-depth information and recommendations to help you plan your trip to Turkey. It features multiple itineraries, detailed maps, colorful photos, honest recommendations on sights, restaurants, hotels, shopping, and more. The guidebook also provides historical and cultural insights, special features, and a Turkish language primer. It covers destinations such as Istanbul, the Sea of Marmara, Ephesus, Izmir, Bodrum, the Turquoise Coast, Cappadocia, and the Black Sea Coast. The guidebook is written by local writers to help you find hidden gems, and is part of Fodor’s Essential series, which includes guides for other countries such as Greece, Spain, France, Israel, and Morocco.

A Traveller's History of Turkey

A Traveller’s History of Turkey is a comprehensive guide that takes you through the rich and diverse history of this fascinating country. From prehistory to the present day, this book covers the civilizations that have shaped the cultural and historical landscape of Turkey. With its concise and readable style, A Traveller’s History of Turkey delves into the legends and treasures of the region, including the Flood of Noah, early civilization of Catal Huyuk, Alexander the Great, Romans, Seljuks, Byzantines, and the Golden Age of the Sultans. It also explores the impact of the great changes brought about by Kemal Ataturk in the 20th century and the strong position Turkey holds in the world today. Get ready for a journey through time with A Traveller’s History of Turkey!

The Rough Guide to Turkey

“The Rough Guide to Turkey” is a comprehensive and updated travel companion that brings to life the vast and diverse landscapes of Turkey, from the bustling streets of Istanbul to the serene beaches of the Turquoise Coast. Designed for travelers seeking both iconic sights and hidden gems, this guide is filled with expert recommendations, practical travel tips, and detailed itineraries that cater to all types of adventurers. Whether you’re exploring ancient ruins, savoring local cuisine, or embarking on outdoor adventures, this guide ensures a richer and more authentic experience.

Who Should Consider This Guide and Why:

• 🌍 Culture Enthusiasts: For those eager to dive into Turkey’s rich history and vibrant cultural tapestry.
• 🏞️ Nature Lovers: Ideal for adventurers wanting to explore Turkey’s natural wonders, from the Kackar Mountains to Cappadocia.
• 🍴 Foodies: A treasure trove for culinary explorers seeking the flavors of Turkish cuisine, from street food to gourmet dining.
• 🛤️ Off-the-Beaten-Path Travelers: Perfect for those looking to venture beyond tourist hotspots and discover Turkey’s lesser-known locales.

Turkey - Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture

The Culture Smart! Turkey guidebook provides a comprehensive look at the cultural norms and customs of Turkey. With a mix of Western and Eastern influences, the Turkish culture can be complex and difficult to navigate for travelers. This guidebook offers a historical background of the country, highlights key values and attitudes, and provides practical tips for communicating and avoiding cultural missteps. The book also emphasizes the hospitable nature of the Turkish people and stresses the importance of showing interest in their culture for a more meaningful travel experience. Get to know the locals and have a more authentic trip by using Culture Smart! Turkey as your essential guide to Turkish customs and culture.

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This post has 4 comments.

Please review/revise your descriptions of the travel guides. On more than one occasion you reference Italy instead of Turkey.

Thank you very much for letting us know. This mistake has been fixed.

I appreciate your Turkey itinerary article post. I look forward to your new informative travel blog posts.

See the new book ‘Exploring Turkey (Türkiye) Touring Guide’ by William (Bill) C. McElroy

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Lonely Planet’s  Turkey  is our most comprehensive guide that extensively covers all the country has to offer, with recommendations for both popular and lesser-known experiences. See the minarets of Istanbul’s Old City, hot-air balloon over Cappadocia, gaze at the magnificent Aya Sofya; all with your trusted travel companion.  

Inside  Lonely Planet’s  Turkey  Travel Guide: 

Up-to-date information -  all businesses were rechecked before publication to ensure they are still open after 2020’s COVID-19 outbreak

NEW top experiences feature  - a visually inspiring collection of Turkey’s best experiences and where to have them

What's NEW feature  taps into cultural trends and helps you find fresh ideas and cool new areas 

Planning tools for family travellers  - where to go, how to save money, plus fun stuff just for kids

NEW pull-out, passport-size 'Just Landed' card*  with wi-fi, ATM and transport info - all you need for a smooth journey from airport to hotel

Highlights   and itineraries  help you tailor your trip to your personal needs and interests

Eating & drinking in Turkey  -  we reveal the dishes and drinks you have to try

Colour  maps and images throughout

Insider tips  to save time and money and get around like a local, avoiding crowds and trouble spots

Essential info   at your fingertips  - hours of operation, phone numbers, websites, transit tips, prices

Honest reviews for all budgets  - eating, sleeping, sightseeing, going out, shopping, hidden gems that most guidebooks miss

Cultural insights  give you a richer, more rewarding travel experience - history, people, music, landscapes, wildlife, cuisine, politics

Covers  Istanbul, Thrace, Marmara, Gallipoli Peninsula, Troy, Izmir, North Aegean, Ephesus, Bodrum, South Aegean, Ankara, Cappadocia, Black Sea Coast, Antalya, Eastern Mediterranean and more

eBook is available in ePub, MOBI and PDF.

ISBN: 9781786578006

Edition: 16th

Publication Date: May 2022

Writers: Jessica Lee, Brett Atkinson, Mark Elliott, Steve Fallon, Virginia Maxwell, Iain Stewart

640 pages, 640pp color, 110 maps | Dimensions: 128mm × 197mm

Next edition due: December 2024

Which guidebook is right for me?

Country, city & regional guides.

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• Regional itineraries recommended by experts (from a couple of days to multi-week)
• 3D illustrations and guided tours of key sights
• Extensive coverage of history and culture
• Detailed maps throughout - includes walking maps and a pull-out planning map

EXPERIENCE guides

(country, city & regional).

• Led by local experts that reveal their favorite experiences and hidden gems
• Personal itinerary building tools
• Seasonal planning calendars
• QR codes unlock additional online content

POCKET guides

(city & regional).

• Special features cover most popular sights
• Content organized by neighborhhod
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A mesmerizing mix of the exotic and the familiar, Turkey is much more than its clichéd image of a “bridge between East and West”. Invaded and settled from every direction since the start of recorded history, it combines influences from the Middle East and the Mediterranean, the Balkans and Central Asia. Mosques coexist with churches, Roman theatres and temples crumble near ancient Hittite cities, and dervish ceremonies and gypsy festivals are as much a part of the social landscape as classical music concerts or football matches.

Where to go in Turkey

Who are the turks, travel ideas for turkey.

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Sensational landscapes of Cappadocia

3 different modes of transportation to explore Cappadocia - by hot air balloon, on the back of a camel as well as on an ATV quad. Why choose if you can have it all? Four days filled with fun and adventure in the volcanic valleys around Cappadocia make an unforgettable trip.

City & culture - Istanbul and Cappadocia

Explore two absolute highlights in Turkey - Istanbul, the former capital of the Ottoman Empire with its many landmarks. After a few days in the city, fly to Cappadocia and explore the surreal surroundings, either on day tours or from above in a hot air balloon.

Magical Turkey

Visit Gobekli Tepe and Mount Nemrut in Southeastern Anatolia before proceeding to Cappadocia with its volcanic scenery. After a few days in the valleys, continue to Pamukkale and the ancient city of Ephesus. Your tour starts and ends in Istanbul.

Delightful Turkey

A fast-paced itinerary for those who want to discover as much as of Turkey as possible in under one week. Highlights include the Old Town of Istanbul, the valleys of Cappadocia, the birth of Sufism and the historical city of Ephesus.

Cultural Turkish Odyssey

Embark on a 22-day journey through Turkey's rich tapestry of culture and history. From Istanbul's enchanting blend of Asia and Europe to ancient wonders, coastal gems, and the captivating landscapes of Cappadocia, this tour immerses you in the treasures of Turkey.

Discovering Turkey

Discover Turkey's treasures in 10 unforgettable days. Explore Istanbul's heritage, walk the ancient streets of Ephesus, and soak in the natural wonders of Pamukkale and Cappadocia. An epic journey through history, culture, and breathtaking landscapes awaits.

The friendliness of the Turkish people makes visiting a pleasure; indeed you risk causing offence by declining invitations, and find yourself making friends through the simplest of transactions. At the big resorts and tourist spots, of course, this can merely be an excuse to sell you something, but elsewhere, despite a history in which outsiders have so often brought trouble, the warmth and generosity are genuine.

Politically, modern Turkey was a grand experiment, largely the creation of one man – Kemal Atatürk. With superhuman energy, he salvaged the Turkish state from the wreckage of the Ottoman Empire and defined it as a modern, secular nation. Following 2011’s record-breaking third successive election victory by the AKP (Justice and Development Party), largely supported by conservative Muslims, some secular Turks fear an Iranian-style Islamic theocracy. This seems most unlikely, however, in a country that has been a multi-party democracy for over sixty years, and successfully blended secularism, parliamentary democracy and global capitalism with Islam.

Despite official efforts to enforce a uniform Turkish identity, the population is remarkably heterogeneous. When the Ottoman Empire imploded, refugees streamed into Anatolia, including Muslim Slavs, Greeks, Albanians, Crimean Tatars, Daghestanlis, Abkhazians and Circassians. There they joined an already mixed population that included a very sizeable minority of Kurds. Thanks to recent arrivals from former Soviet or Eastern Bloc territories, that diversity endures. Another surprise may be Turkey’s sheer youthfulness: more than half the population is under thirty, with legions of young people working in coastal resorts, and shoals of schoolkids surging through the city streets.

A huge part of Turkey’s appeal lies in its archeological sites, a legacy of the bewildering succession of states – Hittite, Urartian, Phrygian, Greek, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, Armeno-Georgian – that held sway here before the twelfth century. From grand Classical cities to hilltop fortresses and remote churches, some still produce exciting new finds today. In addition, Turkey holds a vast number of graceful Islamic monuments, as well as intriguing city bazaars, still hanging on amid the chain stores and shopping malls. Sadly, ugly modern architecture spoils most coastal resorts, where it’s often hard to find a beach that matches the tourist-board hype. Inland Turkey, with its Asiatic expanses of mountain, steppe, lake, and even cloud-forest, may leave a more vivid memory, especially when accented by some crumbling kervansaray , mosque or castle.

Western Turkey is the most economically developed, and most visited, part of the country. It would take weeks even to scratch the surface of the old imperial capital, İstanbul, straddling the straits linking the Black and Marmara seas, and still Turkey’s cultural and commercial hub. Flanking it on opposite sides of the Sea of Marmara, the two prior seats of the Ottoman Empire, Bursa and Edirne, abound in monumental attractions and regal atmosphere. Beyond the Dardanelles and its World War I battlefields lie Turkey’s two Aegean islands, Gökçeada and Bozcaada, popular for their excellent beaches, lingering Greek-ethnic identity and (except in midsummer) tranquillity.

Further south, the olive-swathed landscapes around Bergama and Ayvalık epitomize the Classical character of the North Aegean. Ancient Sardis, and the old Ottoman princely training-ground of Manisa, also make a fine pair, although İzmir serves merely as a functional introduction to the central and southern Aegean. Celebrated Ephesus tends to overshadow the equally deserving ancient Ionian sites of Priene and Didyma, or the intriguing ruins of Aphrodisias and Labranda – and don’t overlook evocative hill towns like Şirince or Birgi. Also inland are tranquil, islet-dotted Bafa Gölü, the architectural showcase town of Muğla, and the compelling geological oddity of Pamukkale, where travertine formations abut Roman Hierapolis. While the coast itself is heavily developed, its star resorts – Datça is the quietest, Bodrum the most characterful – make comfortable bases.

Beyond the huge natural harbour at Marmaris, the Aegean gradually becomes the Mediterranean. Coastal cruises make popular pastimes in brazen Marmaris or more manageable Fethiye, the principal town of the Turquoise Coast, while fine beaches stretch at Dalyan and Patara, near eerie ancient Lycian tombs. Further east, Kaş and Kalkan are busy resorts, good for resting up between explorations of the mountainous hinterland. Beyond relatively untouched Çıralı beach, at ancient Olympos, fast-growing Antalya sprawls at the start of the Mediterranean Coast proper.

This is graced by extensive sands and archeological sites – most notably Termessos, Perge, Side and Aspendos – though its western parts get swamped in season. Beyond castle-topped Alanya, however, tourist numbers diminish; points of interest between Silifke and Adana include Roman Uzuncaburç and the romantic offshore fortress at Kızkalesi. Further east, Arab-influenced Antakya is the heart of the Hatay, culturally part of Syria.

Inland in South Central Anatolia, the rock-hewn churches, subterranean cities and tuff-pinnacle landscapes of Cappadocia await you. The dry, salubrious climate, excellent wine, artistic and architectural treasures, plus horseriding or hot-air ballooning could occupy you for ten days, including a stop in Kayseri on the way north. You might also pause at the historic lakefront towns of Eğirdir or Beyşehir, or in Konya, renowned for its Selçuk architecture and associations with the Mevlevi dervishes.

Ankara, Turkey’s capital, is a planned city whose contrived Western feel indicates the priorities of the Turkish Republic; it also features the outstanding Museum of Anatolian Civilizations. Highlights of surrounding North Central Anatolia include the bizarre temple of Aezani, near Kütahya; the Ottoman museum-town of Safranbolu; exquisitely decorated early Turkish monuments in Divriği; and remarkable Hittite sites at Hattuşaş and Alacahöyük. As you travel north, pause in the Yeşilırmak valley towns of Sivas, Tokat and Amasya. The lush shoreline of the Black Sea beyond holds little more than a chain of Byzantine-Genoese castles; the oldest, most interesting towns are Sinop, Anatolia’s northernmost point, and Amasra. Fabled Trabzon, east of Sinop and once the seat of a Byzantine sub-empire, is now convenient for Aya Sofya and Sumela monasteries.

The Ankara–Sivas route positions you to head along the Euphrates River into the “back half” of Turkey. First stop in Northeastern Anatolia is likely to be Erzurum, Turkey’s highest and bleakest major city, a base for visits to the temperate, church-studded valleys of southern medieval Georgia, or treks in the Kaçkar mountains. Kars is mainly visited for the sake of nearby Ani, the ruined medieval Armenian capital.

The Euphrates and Tigris basin have a real Middle Eastern flavour. Booming Gaziantep, offers world-class Roman mosaics, an atmospheric old quarter and Turkey’s spiciest cuisine. Further east, biblical Urfa is distinguished by its colourful bazaar and sacred pool, while cosmopolitan Mardin overlooks the vast Mesopotamian Plain.

The major attraction, however, is a dawn or sunset trip to Nemrut Dağı’s colossal ancient statues. Between Mardin and Nemrut Dağı, teeming, ethnically Kurdish Diyarbakır nestles inside medieval basalt walls. The terrain becomes increasingly mountainous towards the Iranian frontier, an area dominated by the unearthly blue, alkaline expanse of Lake Van. Urartian, Selçuk and Armenian monuments abound within sight of the water, in particular the exquisite, restored Armenian church on Akdamar islet.

The east-shore city of Van is notable for its massive camel-shaped rock punctured with ancient tombs. Beyond Van looms the fairy-tale Kurdish castle of Hoşap, while just outside Doğubeyazit, another isolated folly, the İshak Paşa Sarayı, stands in the shadow of Mount Ararat at the very end of Turkey.

Top image: Aerial view of Bodrum on Turkish Riviera © monticello/Shutterstock

Discover more places in Turkey

• The North Aegean Travel Guide
• North Central Anatolia Travel Guide
• Northeastern Anatolia Travel Guide
• The Turquoise Coast Travel Guide
• Around the Sea of Marmara Travel Guide
• The Black Sea coast Travel Guide
• The Mediterranean coast and the Hatay Travel Guide
• South Central Anatolia Travel Guide
• İzmir Travel Guide
• Pamukkale Travel Guide
• The Turkish Aegean islands Travel Guide
• Ankara Travel Guide

Most camels in Turkey are simply tourist attractions, used for pleasure rides or as photo props in places like Pamukkale and Side. It wasn’t always so, however. Camel caravans once crisscrossed Anatolia, transporting gemstones, spices and woven finery. Before the Balkan Wars of 1912–13, they extended northwest as far as Bosnia, beyond which the beasts fell ill due to the damp central European climate.

In Muslim folklore the perceived haughty demeanour of the animals is attributed to their knowledge of the hundredth, mystical epithet of Allah – humans only know the conventional ninety-nine.

The sport of camel wrestling is a quintessentially Turkish spectacle. The bizarre sight of male camels in rut, butting and leaning on each other (their mouths are bound to prevent biting) draws vast crowds across the western Aegean region; there’s even a camel wrestling league.

• Turkey covers a vast 814,578 sq km (97 percent in Asia, 3 percent in Europe). Four seas lap its 8333-km coastline : the Mediterranean, the Aegean, the Marmara and the Black Sea. Numerous peaks exceed 3000m, the highest being Ararat (Ağrı Dağı; 5165m). Turkey’s three longest rivers – the Kızılırmak, Yeşilırmak and Sakarya – flow into the Black Sea, while its largest lakes is Lake Van (3713 sq km).

• The population of over 70 million is 98 percent Muslim (Sunni or Alevi), with dwindling minorities of the Armenian Apostolic or Catholic, Greek Orthodox, Syrian Orthodox and Jewish faiths. Besides standard Turkish, two dialects of Kurdish are widely spoken; other languages include Arabic, Laz, Circassian, Albanian, Macedonian, Bulgarian, Romany and Greek. Well over half the inhabitants live in cities; the four largest are İstanbul, Ankara (the capital), İzmir and Adana.

• Turkey’s economy , rated sixteenth in the world in 2011, has undergone sustained growth in recent years. Inflation has fallen to single digits, inward investment rocketed, major infrastructure projects have been realised at an astonishing rate, and the Turkish lira has more than held its own with the major currencies.

• Since 1922 Turkey has been a republic . The single-chamber Grand National Assembly (Büyük Meclis) in Ankara has 550 seats, and elects the president.

Find out more facts about Turkey.

Between April and September, storks are a common sight across Turkey, which forms a stopover between the birds’ winter quarters in Africa and their summer habitat in the Balkans and central Europe. The clattering of their beaks is an equally common sound. Storks mate for life, and around thirty thousand breeding pairs are believed to visit Turkey, often returning to the same nest year after year to raise new chicks.

Considered lucky in both Christian and Islamic belief, and dubbed “pilgrim birds” in Turkish, they are rarely harmed. Some municipalities even build special platforms to augment the storks’ favourite nesting perches, which range from chimneys and minarets to utility poles.

Today’s Turks are descended from nomadic pastoralist Turkic tribal groups that originated in Siberia, China and Central Asia, went on to conquer the Anatolian landmass, and have subsequently intermarried on a large scale with the region’s already extremely heterogeneous population. Although historical records can trace them as a readily identifiable people as far back as the sixth century BC, only during the sixth century AD were they first recorded (by the Chinese) as “Tu-keh” or, to the west, Turks .

From around 1000 AD onwards, the Turks gradually migrated southwards and westwards. By the time they reached Anatolia, which would eventually become the heartland of the mighty Ottoman Turkish empire, most had converted to Islam . Turks still maintain ethnic, linguistic and cultural links with Turkic peoples in Central Asia, the Caucasus, northwest Iran, northern Iraq, southern Russia, and Xinjiang in western China.

Turkish , the official language of the modern Republic of Turkey, is neither Indo-European nor Semitic in origin, but Altaic , a language group that includes Japanese, Korean and Mongolian as well as the Turkic languages. Turkish Turks can still communicate with their ethnic and linguistic cousins in places like Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, even if centuries of isolation from them, and the language reforms instituted by Atatürk in the early years of the Turkish Republic, make the task difficult. Nonetheless, Turks today still feel an affinity with their Turkic kin, and the Turkish government is the first to kick up a fuss at, for example, Chinese mistreatment of its Uigur Turkish minority.

Travel advice for Turkey

From travel safety to visa requirements, discover the best tips for visiting Turkey

• Culture and Etiquette in Turkey
• Eating and drinking in Turkey
• Getting around Turkey: Transportation Tips
• Shopping tips for Turkey
• Sports and Outdoor activities in Turkey
• Travel Tips Turkey for planning and on the go
• How to get to Turkey
• Travel Health Turkey
• Travelling with children in Turkey
• Best time to visit Turkey

The Rough Guides to Turkey and related travel guides

In-depth, easy-to-use travel guides filled with expert advice.

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written by Rough Guides Editors

updated 26.04.2021

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The Rough Guide to Turkey

This practical travel guide to Turkey features detailed factual travel tips and points-of-interest structured lists of all iconic must-see sights as well as some off-the-beaten-track treasures. Our itinerary suggestions and expert author picks of things to see and do will make it a perfect companion both, ahead of your trip and on the ground. This Turkey guide book is packed full of details on how to get there and around, pre-departure information and top time-saving tips, including a visual list of things not to miss. Our colour-coded maps make Turkey easier to navigate while you're there. This guide book to Turkey has been fully updated post-COVID-19 and it comes with a free eBook. The Rough Guide to TURKEY covers:  Istanbul and around, around the Sea of Marmara, the North Aegean, the Turquoise Coast, the Mediterranean coat and the Hatay, South Central Anatolia, North Central Anatolia, the Black Sea coast, Northeastern Anatolia, the Euphrates and Tigris basin, Lake Van and the southeast. Inside this Turkey travel guide you'll find: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EVERY TYPE OF TRAVELLER

Experiences selected for every kind of trip to Turkey, from off-the-beaten-track adventures in Kackar Daglari to family activities in child-friendly places, like Cappadocia or chilled-out breaks in popular tourist areas, like Ishak Pasa Sarayi. PRACTICAL TRAVEL TIPS

Essential pre-departure information including Turkey entry requirements, getting around, health information, travelling with children, sports and outdoor activities, food and drink, festivals, culture and etiquette, shopping, tips for travellers with disabilities and more. TIME-SAVING ITINERARIES

Includes carefully planned routes covering the best of Turkey, which give a taste of the richness and diversity of the destination, and have been created for different time frames or types of trip. DETAILED REGIONAL COVERAGE

Clear structure within each sightseeing chapter of this Turkey travel guide includes regional highlights, brief history, detailed sights and places ordered geographically, recommended restaurants, hotels, bars, clubs and major shops or entertainment options. INSIGHTS INTO GETTING AROUND LIKE A LOCAL

Tips on how to beat the crowds, save time and money and find the best local spots for hot air balloon rides, food, exploring ruins or horse riding. HIGHLIGHTS OF THINGS NOT TO MISS

Rough Guides' rundown of the Black Sea coast, Northeastern Anatolia, the Euphrates and Tigris basin's best sights and top experiences helps to make the most of each trip to Turkey, even in a short time. HONEST AND INDEPENDENT REVIEWS

Written   by Rough Guides' expert authors   with a trademark blend of humour, honesty and expertise, this Turkey guide book will help you find the best places, matching different needs. BACKGROUND INFORMATION

Comprehensive 'Contexts' chapter of this travel guide to Turkey features fascinating insights into Turkey, with coverage of history, religion, ethnic groups, environment, wildlife and books, plus a handy language section and glossary. FABULOUS FULL COLOUR PHOTOGRAPHY

Features inspirational colour photography, including the stunning Phaselis and the spectacular Selimiye Camii. COLOUR-CODED MAPPING

Practical full-colour maps, with clearly numbered, colour-coded keys for quick orientation in Iskele, Ancient Ephesus and many more locations in Turkey, reduce the need to go online. USER-FRIENDLY LAYOUT

With helpful icons, and organised by neighbourhood to help you pick the best spots to spend your time. FREE EBOOK

Free eBook download with every purchase of this guide book to Turkey allows you to access all of the content from your phone or tablet, for on-the-road exploration.

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This title is a part of Rough Guides Main Series

Practical travel guides series covering countries, cities and regions, with detailed factual travel tips, perfect for independent, long-stay, backpacking and budget-conscious travellers seeking comprehensive travel information and off-the-beaten track experiences

Extensive practical travel information including getting there, getting around, climate information, safety tips, accommodation explanations, food & drink advice and shopping essentials 

Curated author picks with destination highlights at the beginning of each guide

Ready-made itineraries covering every corner of the destination

Colour-coded places chapters with detailed coverage of places and sights, presented in a points-of-interest structure 

Extensive recommendations for accommodation, restaurants, shops and leisure activities for all budgets

Colour-coded detailed maps with marked-up key sights 

Insights on history and nature highlights  

Easy to use, newspaper-style layout

All guides published from January 2021 are printed on paper from responsible sources verified to meet FSC’s strict environmental and social standards

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Format: 129 x 198mm

Price: £14.99-£26.99 | $13.99-$34.99

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Turkey Travel Guide: Everything You Need to Know Before You Go

Welcome to the Crossroads of Civilizations: Your Ultimate Turkey Travel Guide

Turkey stands as a sentinel at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, a mosaic of cultures, histories, and landscapes that beckon travelers from around the globe. This guide is your key to unlocking the treasures of Turkey, from the bustling bazaars of Istanbul to the lunar landscapes of Cappadocia, the azure waters of the Aegean to the rugged peaks of the Taurus Mountains.

One Nation Travel specializes in Turkey tours , featuring trips to Istanbul, Cappadocia tours , Pamukkale, and Antalya for cultural and scenic experiences.

Exploring Turkey’s Diverse Landscapes and Climate Zones

Turkey’s geography is as varied as its history, with each region offering a distinct climate and terrain. The Black Sea region boasts lush greenery and a mild climate, while the central Anatolian plateau challenges visitors with its steppe climate and hot summers. Understanding these variations is crucial for planning your travel wardrobe and activities.

Journey Through Time: Turkey’s Rich Tapestry of History

The Hittites, Byzantines, Ottomans, and many others have left their indelible marks on Turkey. Each city is a living museum, with layers of history waiting to be discovered. From the ancient ruins of Ephesus to the iconic Hagia Sophia, Turkey’s historical sites are not just attractions; they are portals to the past.

The Melting Pot of Cultures: Understanding Turkey’s Social Fabric

Turkish culture is a vibrant tapestry woven from the many civilizations that have thrived here. This section delves into the customs, traditions, and daily life that create the country’s unique cultural identity. Learn about the importance of hospitality, the nuances of Turkish tea culture, and the significance of family in Turkish society.

Essential Pre-Travel Tips for a Hassle-Free Turkish Adventure

Before you embark on your Turkish journey, there are practicalities to consider. This section covers everything from packing essentials to cultural dos and don’ts, ensuring you are fully prepared for your adventure.

Navigating Visa Policies for a Smooth Entry into Turkey

Understanding Turkey’s visa requirements is essential for a smooth travel experience. This section provides up-to-date information on visa processes, fees, and exemptions, helping you to plan your entry into Turkey with confidence.

Prioritizing Health and Safety While Traveling in Turkey

Your well-being is paramount when traveling. Here, we discuss health precautions, insurance, and safety tips for various Turkish locales, so you can enjoy your trip with peace of mind.

Bridging the Language Gap: Communicating in Turkey

While Turkish is the official language, this guide offers practical advice on overcoming language barriers, from useful phrases to language apps, ensuring clear communication throughout your travels.

Managing Your Liras: A Guide to Turkish Currency and Budgeting

Budgeting for your trip is made easier with insights into the Turkish Lira, cost of living, and tips for keeping your finances in check while enjoying all that Turkey has to offer.

Mastering Movement: Turkey’s Transportation Network

Navigate Turkey’s extensive transportation network with ease, from domestic flights to intercity buses and ferries, ensuring you can traverse the country’s vast landscapes efficiently.

From Ottoman Mansions to Boutique Hotels: Finding Your Perfect Stay in Turkey

Turkey’s accommodation options are as diverse as its regions. Whether you’re looking for luxury, comfort, or a touch of history, this section helps you find the perfect place to rest your head.

A Culinary Odyssey: Sampling Turkey’s Gastronomic Delights

Turkish cuisine is a feast for the senses. Explore the country’s culinary offerings, from street food to fine dining, and learn about the dishes that must not be missed.

The Art of Bargaining: Shopping for Authentic Turkish Souvenirs

Shopping in Turkey is an experience in itself. Discover the best markets and shops for authentic souvenirs and learn the art of bargaining to get the best deals.

Celebrating with the Locals: Turkey’s Festivals and Events Calendar

Turkey’s calendar is packed with festivals and events that offer a glimpse into its cultural heart. This section guides you through the most significant and vibrant celebrations across the country.

Embracing the Great Outdoors: Turkey’s Natural Wonders

From hiking in the Kaçkar Mountains to hot air ballooning in Cappadocia, Turkey’s natural attractions are a playground for the adventurous. Learn about the best outdoor activities and how to experience them responsibly.

Sun, Sea, and Sand: Turkey’s Best Beaches and Coastal Retreats

Turkey’s coastline is dotted with stunning beaches and seaside towns. This section highlights the best spots for sunbathing, swimming, and water sports.

After Dark: Experiencing Turkey’s Vibrant Nightlife Scene

As the sun sets, Turkey’s cities come alive with a vibrant nightlife. From rooftop bars in Istanbul to beach parties in Bodrum, discover the best spots for an unforgettable night out.

Hidden Gems: Exploring Turkey’s Lesser-Known Locales

Go beyond the tourist trail with recommendations for off-the-beaten-path destinations that offer unique experiences and breathtaking beauty.

Creating Memories: A Guide to Family-Friendly Travel in Turkey

Traveling with family? This section provides tips for making your trip enjoyable for all ages, with suggestions for family-friendly attractions and activities.

Love in the Land of the Crescent Moon: Romantic Escapes in Turkey

For those seeking a romantic getaway, Turkey offers enchanting experiences, from sunset cruises to intimate cave hotels. Discover the most romantic destinations and activities.

Tailored Journeys: Crafting Your Ideal Turkey Travel Itinerary

Whether you have a week or a month, this section helps you create an itinerary that suits your interests, time frame, and budget, ensuring you make the most of your time in Turkey.

Respect and Understanding: Navigating Turkey’s Laws and Social Etiquette

Understanding local laws and etiquette is essential for a respectful and enjoyable visit. This section covers the essentials of Turkish customs and legalities.

Staying Connected: Tech Tips for Travelers in Turkey

Stay connected with tips on SIM cards, internet access, and navigating technology in Turkey, ensuring you can share your experiences with friends and family back home.

Traveling Responsibly: Embracing Sustainable Practices in Turkey

Sustainable travel is more important than ever. Learn how to minimize your footprint and contribute positively to the communities you visit in Turkey.

Heading Home: A Smooth Departure from Turkey

As your journey comes to an end, this section offers advice for a hassle-free departure, from airport transfers to duty-free shopping.

Frequently Asked Questions: Turkey Travel Guide

This section addresses common queries travelers have about visiting Turkey, providing clear, concise answers to help with trip planning.

Reflecting on Your Turkish Odyssey: The Journey Continues

As you reflect on your travels through Turkey, this conclusion offers a moment to consider the lasting impact of your experiences and the memories you’ll carry with you.

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10 of the best places to visit in Türkiye

Dec 14, 2023 • 6 min read

Plan your visit to Türkiye with these top places to see © rudi_suardi / Getty Images

The eclectic city of Istanbul, the fantastical rock forms of Cappadocia, the ancient ruins of Ephesus, and the glimmering Mediterranean and Aegean coastlines are Türkiye ’s biggest draws, but each region of the country has something distinct to offer.

The diversity of landscapes, heritage and culinary culture will surprise those who have never ventured beyond holiday resorts and the beach. Even though it’s easy to get around Türkiye , the country has too much to see and do to tackle it all on one trip. Because most domestic flights route through Istanbul, spend at least a few days in this dynamic global metropolis before heading out to one of our other top places to visit in Türkiye.

1. Istanbul

Best for ancient sites and modern neighborhoods

One of the world’s greatest cities, Istanbul should be on every traveler’s must-visit list. Highlight sights like the grand Byzantine basilica Aya Sofya , often called Hagia Sophia in English, and the Ottoman sultans’ lavish Topkapı Palace attest to the city’s centuries-long history as the capital of powerful empires.

But set aside some time to experience Istanbul as it is today, too. Go cafe- or bar-hopping in the hip Kadıköy neighborhood, wander the backstreets of more conservative Fatih or peruse contemporary art in Beyoğlu . Don’t forget the simple pleasure of drinking çay (tea) on the ferry while taking in spectacular views of the city.

Planning tip: You could easily spend your entire vacation in Istanbul, but if you have the time, it's worth venturing further afield in search of other Turkish delights.

2. Cappadocia

Best for its unique landscape

Cappadocia is a geological wonderland in the center of Türkiye. The history of early Christians in Anatolia comes alive at the Göreme Open-Air Museum and the other cave churches and underground cities scattered around the valley. Romance blossoms in the area’s cozy cave hotels and restaurants, not to mention sunrise balloon rides complete with a champagne toast. Adventure awaits amid the green valleys and undulating rocks for hikers, mountain bikers and trail runners .

3. Turquoise Coast

Best for history lovers and beaches

Yes, Türkiye's Mediterranean coastline between Fethiye and Antalya is full of beautiful places for sun, sea and sand vacations , but it’s also dappled with evidence of the ancient civilizations that once populated the area. The seaside ruins of Patara (which boasts one of Türkiye's best beaches too) and Phaselis are particularly picturesque, and the rock tombs of Myra are especially impressive. The Antalya Museum offers good insights into the region’s history. Explore by sea on a gület cruise, on foot along the Lycian Way hiking path or by driving the scenic (but winding!) coastal roads.

4. Eastern Black Sea and Kaçkar Mountains

Best for rural traditions

The rough, cold waters of the Black Sea aren’t particularly inviting, but turn your gaze inland, where lush green valleys spill down to the coast from high peaks, to see the region’s appeal. The lower elevations are home to most of Türkiye's tea and hazelnut production, while the high plateaus ( yaylalar ) like Pokut , that were once used as summer pastures for livestock, are becoming popular with tourists seeking out scenic views and a taste of traditional Black Sea culture and cuisine. Further above, the Kaçkar Mountains offer spectacular trekking in summer for experienced hikers.

Planning tip: Trabzon, home to the cliff-side Sumela Monastery , is the area’s main hub for air travel.

5. Southeastern Anatolia

Best for culture and food

The often-overlooked southeastern Anatolia region is one of Türkiye's cultural – and culinary – stars. The cities of Gaziantep and Antakya (Hatay) are famed for their food, and both also boast museums with incredible collections of Roman mosaics. Mardin ’s picturesque, well-preserved old town also makes a great base for exploring the monasteries and Roman ruins in the surrounding area. The world’s oldest religious site, Göbeklitepe , lies just outside of Şanlıurfa, which has its own fine archaeology museum and bazaar .

6. Datça and Bozburun peninsulas

Best for relaxation

Chilling out and getting back to nature is the order of the day on the remote Datça and Bozburun peninsulas in the south Aegean. In place of the boisterous nightlife of nearby Bodrum and Marmaris, you’ll find miles of dramatic rocky coastline, scenic rural villages, and small, quiet beach resorts and seaside towns.

Planning tip: The Carian Trail long-distance hiking path encircles both peninsulas. Check before setting out as some sections of the route were inaccessible following wildfire damage in the summer of 2021.

7. Türkiye's far east

Best for rugged beauty

The vast landscapes of Türkiye's far east have a remote ruggedness unmatched elsewhere in the country. Perhaps best known to travelers as the terminus of the Doğu Ekpresi (Eastern Express) , a popular and scenic overnight train trip from Ankara , the border city of Kars retains striking architecture from its years as a Russian outpost in the 1800s. Nearby are the extensive and evocative UNESCO-listed ruins of Ani , an ancient Armenian capital.

A three-hour drive south will take you to the remote İshak Paşa Palace , passing by the fabled Mt Ararat (Ağrı Dağı) en route. Continue on to Van , where you can fuel up on one of the city’s famously elaborate breakfast spreads before visiting the fine museum in town and taking a day excursion to Akdamar Kilisesi , a masterfully decorated Armenian church and monastery complex on a small island in Lake Van.

8. Gallipoli and the North Aegean

Best for WWI history and ancient Troy

Cemeteries devoted to the tens of thousands of soldiers who died in bloody battles on the Gallipoli Peninsula during WWI are scattered around bucolic rolling hills, all the more poignant amidst such serenely beautiful landscapes.

The area is also the gateway to Türkiye's North Aegean coast, a more relaxed alternative to the Mediterranean where you can take a leisurely tour of pleasant seaside towns like Ayvalık and Foça, the island wineries of Bozcaada, the ancient city of Troy (with its standout museum ) and the spectacularly sited hilltop acropolis of Bergama .

9. Safranbolu

Best for Ottoman atmosphere

Named for the saffron that was grown and traded here for centuries, Safranbolu is today popular with visitors who come to soak in its old Ottoman atmosphere. Many of the town’s historic wood-framed mansions have been restored and converted into picture-perfect boutique hotels, cafes and restaurants.

Planning tip: If it all starts to seem a little too cutesy, the canyons, waterfalls and woods of the nearby Yenice Forest are a natural tonic.

10. Pamukkale

Best for its ancient spa

The bright-white terraces of Pamukkale are surely one of the most photographed sites in Türkiye, incongruously gleaming above the rural town like freshly fallen snow. The warm mineral water that flows through them was the basis for the ancient spa city of Hierapolis , whose extensive remains sprawl out along the hilltop next to the famous travertines.

Planning tip: Pamukkale also makes a good base for visiting other nearby ancient sites like Laodicea , Tripolis and – most notably – the gorgeous ruins of Afrodisias with its impressive collection of Roman marble sculptures.

This article was first published Sep 30, 2021 and updated Dec 14, 2023.

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Unforgettable Turkey: Top Experiences, Tips, and Itineraries

Turkey offers a rich tapestry of ancient history, vibrant culture, and stunning landscapes, making it a must-visit destination. From hot air ballooning over Cappadocia to exploring Istanbul’s iconic mosques, this guide covers everything you need to plan an unforgettable trip.

Why Visit Turkey?

Turkey, having been an essential part of the Silk Road, showcases an intricate blend of cultural influences from Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. It is a destination that offers a rich ancient history, a vibrant local culture, beautiful landscapes, and an opportunity to step back in time. 

During our trip to Turkey, we were mesmerized by the hot air balloons soaring over the fairy-tale-like landscapes of Cappadocia, visiting enormous underground cities that once housed over 20,000 people, sailing on a Turkish Gullet in the Southern turquoise coast of Fethiye, and navigating the bustling metropolis of Istanbul. 

We loved the seamless integration of the ancient and the modern, the beautiful hikes, the kindness of the locals, and the adventures of climbing through cave dwellings that existed thousands of years ago. 

If this sounds like something you would enjoy, read on in this complete guide to traveling Turkey. 

Which airport to arrive in Turkey

To arrive in Turkey, you will most likely land at Istanbul Airport (IST) or the newer Sabiha Gökçen International Airport (SAW). 

• Istanbul Airport is located about 45-60 minutes north of Istanbul and is Turkey’s largest and busiest airport. If you are coming from an international destination, then you will most likely be landing at IST. 
• Sabiha Gokcen Airport is located on the Asian side of Istanbul, about 45-60 minutes South East of Istanbul. It is a newer airport that offers both domestic and international flights. 

When we flew to Turkey, we arrived at IST, and then flew from IST to Kayseri airport (Cappadocia), but flew back to SAW when we returned from the Southern Turkish coast. 

Visa requirement

To check if you need a visa when traveling to Turkey, please check on the official Visa website: 

https://www.evisa.gov.tr/en/

Make sure to go to the official website as many third-party websites pretend to be the official government website but will charge you an additional processing fee. You can receive the E-Visa within about 1-2 business days and will allow you to stay in the country for up to 90 days. 

Top 10 Unique Experiences in Turkey

Hot air balloon cappadocia.

Riding on the hot air balloons of Cappadocia, or even simply watching them from the stunning rooftop terraces of the cave hotels, is one of the most unique experiences you can have in Turkey. Set amongst the otherworldly landscapes of Cappadocia characterized by its unique spire volcanic rock formations, honeycombed with ancient interconnected cave dwellings, you will get to witness the history of a long-lost civilization. 

If you would like to learn more about the hot air balloon experience, where are the best rooftop terraces to watch the sunrise, and other great activities in the region, check out our Cappadocia Travel Guide .  

Staying at a cave hotel

Cappadocia is one of the unique places in the world where you get to stay in an ancient cave hotel. These cave homes date back centuries and were originally used by early Christian communities and monks who sought refuge from persecution. Incredibly elaborate networks of underground cities were carved out of the rock, creating churches, monasteries, granaries, wineries, and homes. 

Today, these ancient caves have been carefully restored to preserve their historic architecture while offering modern comforts, allowing you to experience the unique opportunity of staying in a cave hotel. If you are planning on visiting Cappadocia, make sure to check out our guide on Where to stay in Cappadocia , which details the advantages between each town in Cappadocia and the best cave hotels to stay at. 

Visiting the underground cities of Cappadocia

Having traveled to over 35 countries, Cappadocia was the first and only place where we had the incredible experience of exploring an ancient underground city that once housed 20,000 people and spanned more than 18 floors! The two most famous underground cities are called Derinkuyu and Kaymakli and are conveniently located just 30-40 minutes outside of Goreme. 

Crawling through the maze of tunnels was mind-boggling, as we marveled at the intricate design of each room and the ancient technology used to safeguard the caves. It was even more shocking to realize that this remarkable structure was likely created over 3,500 years ago.

Paragliding in Oludeniz

Oludeniz, located on the Southern coast of Turkey, is famous for its turquoise waters in the blue lagoon, and beautiful pebble beaches, but most of all is ranked as one of the top paragliding destinations in the world! 

From the summit of Mount Babadag, you’ll launch off the slope and soar through the sky, taking in breathtaking views of the turquoise coast set against a dramatic mountain backdrop. Oludeniz is also conveniently located near Fethiye where you can embark on a Turkish Gullet sailing experience .

Blue cruise in Fethiye

Sailing through the turquoise waters on the Southern Turkish coast was one of the most memorable experiences of our trip to Turkey. From Fethiye, you can embark on a 4-day 3-night sailing cruise on a traditional gullet, where you spend the days swimming in the pristine waters, enjoying the freshest seafood, and exploring the small local islands. 

In addition to the 12 Islands cruise, the Blue Cruise can also take you from Fethiye to other destinations such as Marmaris or Göcek, offering the chance to explore several ancient ruins along the coast. The Turkish Blue Cruise experience can last from 2 days to 7 days depending on the route you take. 

To learn more about sailing the blue cruise, as well as some of the best things to do on the Southern Turkish coast around Kas, check out our best things to do in Kas Guide . 

Turkish Hammam in Istanbul

The practice of Turkish Hammam bath dates back centuries and is rooted in Roman bathing traditions. The Turkish bath is a rejuvenating spa-like experience where you will lie on a warm ornate stone while your body is washed, scrubbed, exfoliated, sudsed with foam, and massaged. 

This experience was different than any other massages we have received during our travels around the world and we would highly recommend trying it out! This can be done in Cappadocia but for the more traditional and elaborate experience, we recommend doing it in Istanbul. 

Discover the ancient mosques of Istanbul

The city of Istanbul has a seamless blend of Asian, European, and Middle Eastern influences, creating some of the most architecturally unique and remarkable mosques in the world. 

In particular, right at the center of Sultanahmet, you will find the Hagia Sophia with its massive dome and mosaic design, and the Blue Mosque, known for its grand scale and six minarets.

These are some of the largest mosques you will find anywhere in the world and are a must-visit when going to Istanbul.  

Soaking in the mineral waters of Pammukale

Pammukale, often referred to as the “cotton castle”, has gained fame from all the beautiful Instagram photos showcasing its turquoise blue and white thermal water terraces. Visitors here can soak in these warm, mineral-rich waters while admiring the stunning panoramic views. Additionally, you can also take a hot air balloon here but we feel like the one in Cappadocia is more impressive. 

Located in the South Western part of Turkey, Pammukale can be done as an extension of visiting the ancient ruins of Ephesus or from your blue cruise in Fethiye. 

Seeing the ancient ruins of Ephesus

Ephesus is a well-preserved ancient city located in the southwestern part of Turkey that features some of the most impressive Roman ruins in Turkey.

 Here you will find the Massive Great Theatre that once seated 25,000 spectators, the Grand Library of Celsus, and the Temple of Artemis, which is considered one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. A visit to Ephesus can be combined with Izmir or the coastal town of Kusadasi. 

Göbekli Tepe

If you are a history buff or interested in ancient archeology, then Göbeklitepe is perfect for you. Often considered as the world’s oldest temple complex, Göbeklitepe features several T-shaped pillars arranged in circles, adorned with intricate carvings that seem to perfectly reflect specific star constellations. 

The advanced stonework and the accuracy of star mapping offer a very crucial insight into the timeline of our history as the structure predates known civilizations. If you would like to visit Göbeklitepe, it is located far in the southeastern part of Turkey.  

Customs and language

The official language of Turkey is Turkish. While English is commonly spoken in major tourist areas like Istanbul and Cappadocia, you will find that it is less prevalent in rural regions and smaller towns, where knowing a few basic Turkish phrases can be very helpful.

You will notice that Turkish people are quite hospitable and it is common to be offered tea or coffee. This can happen at a hotel or even while visiting a shop. It is polite to accept these offerings and can allow you to connect with some of the locals.

Since Turkey is a religious country, it is important to dress modestly. This is especially important in religious sites where it is common to cover your hair, shoulder and arms, and below the knees. Make sure to abide by these rules when visiting the mosques as otherwise you will be denied entry.

When engaging in conversation with locals, it is preferable to avoid controversial topics such as politics or religion. Turkey has a complicated historical past and its political situation can be divisive.

Finally, haggling over prices is a common practice in Turkey. This is especially the case when shopping at the Grand Bazaar in Istanbul. Expect to haggle down to at least 30-50% of the initial offered price. 

Useful phrases

Turkish is a difficult language, but it can go a long way to be familiar with these main phrases. By greeting someone in their language, you demonstrate respect and appreciation for their culture.

• Hello – Merhaba (mehr-HAH-bah)
• Thank you – Teşekkür ederim (teh-shehk-KOOR ed-eh-REEM)
• Yes – Evet (EH-vet)
• No – Hayır (HAH-yuhr)
• Please – Lütfen (LOOT-fen)

Safety in Turkey

Having traveled through Istanbul, Cappadocia, and the Turkish coast, we felt like Turkey was a very safe country to visit. This is especially the case in the touristic areas. We walked at 11 pm in Istanbul and always felt secure, and the streets were always busy with people. 

The only aspect that we heard about safety concerns was regarding the taxis. We met three fellow travelers who were yelled at and threatened by taxi drivers if they did not pay a new inflated price the driver decided to change after the transport’s departure. We also asked the locals what they thought about the taxi drivers in Istanbul and they expressed similar concerns. 

Is Uber available in Turkey?

Uber is available in Istanbul. However, it is important to know that it is simply a taxi driver using the Uber app. As you’ve seen from the previous section, I would not recommend taking the local taxis in Istanbul. Instead, you can use their very efficient public transportation system. 

When coming from IST or SAW airport to Istanbul, we recommend pre-booking your private transport, which should cost around 40 euros. 

Do you tip in Turkey?

Tipping is customary in Turkey. You should expect between 10-15% tipping at establishments like restaurants. 

When to visit Turkey?

The best time to visit Turkey depends on what type of activities you will be doing there. If you are visiting Cappadocia and intend to do the hot air balloons, it is better to go during the spring and summer seasons when the weather is warm and pleasant. 

Since hot air balloons are frequently canceled due to rain or high winds, it is recommended to travel there from April to early June, or September to late October, when crowds are fewer and the weather is stable.

Example Itinerary

To properly experience Turkey, we feel a 2-week itinerary would be ideal. Below we have provided an example itinerary that combines the vibrant city life of Istanbul, the ancient wonders of Cappadocia, and some relaxing time along the beautiful Turkish coast.

• Day 1: Land at IST airport and if possible, transfer directly to a flight to Cappadocia (Nevsehir or Kayseri airports)
• Day 2-6: Spend 4-5 days exploring Cappadocia, riding the hot air balloons, visiting the underground cities, hiking the Red Rose Valley, seeing Uchisar castle, and exploring other smaller towns.
• Day 6: Fly to Antalya and then take a bus to one of the Southern Coastal towns. We recommend staying at Kas since it is a very cute, lesser-known, and uncrowded town and serves as an excellent base to explore the sights around
• Day 7-9: Spend 2 days to explore Kas, and the surrounding Patara ruins, Myra ruins, and beaches.
• Day 9-12: Spend 3 days doing the 12 Islands Blue cruise departing from Fethiye
• Day 12: Fly from Dalaman airport back to Istanbul
• Day 12-14: spend 2-3 days exploring Istanbul

If you have one week only, then we would suggest spending 4 days in Cappadocia and 3 days in Istanbul.

If you have more than two weeks, we would add Pammukale and Ephesus to the itinerary.

Summary: Turkey Travel Guide

Our trip to Turkey provided us with so many unforgettable memories. 

Riding the hot air balloons, staying at cave hotels, sailing the Turkish Coast, and discovering the bustling city of Istanbul, there is truly something for everybody. We hope that you found this Turkey Travel Guide helpful and feel free to explore the linked posts which go into further detail about each destination and activity.

Ryan & Nan are two curious travel storytellers and adventure photographers who started Wayless Travelers to share their passion for travel with the world. Having explored over 35 countries across the globe, they seek to share their passion for travel planning and photography to help others organize their next adventure.

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Good Travel Guidebooks – Turkey

Last Updated on May 2, 2019

For  maps of Turkey,  click here .

A Handbook for Living in Turkey

My friend, former-coauthor and TTP colleague  Pat Yale  has written the definitive book for those intending to  buy a house and live in Turkey . It answers all the questions: buying, restoring, finding and directing workers, buying furnishings, gaining legal residency, opening a bank account, etc.  More…

Istanbul’s Bazaar Quarter: Backstreet Walking Tours

Who isn’t interested in seeing the  real   Istanbul , from the  Grand Bazaar  to the  Spice Market ? This guide doesn’t just take you through the markets, but into them, and introduces you to individual artisans and their wares.  More…

Sinan Diaryz: A Walking Tour of Mimar Sinan’s Monuments

The  Ottoman Empire ‘s greatest architect has left us a treasury of wonderful works. This book is the key that opens it.  More…

The Road to Ruins: Lycian Turkey, Fethiye to Kaş

Tricia Emptage ‘s comprehensive, enlightening and humorous guide to ancient ruins and modern village life along Turkey’s Lycian Mediterranean coast.  More…

Lycia , a Complete Archaeological Guide

Turkey’s  Mediterranean coast  from  Fethiye  to  Antalya includes  spectacular scenery  and nearly a hundred  ancient cities . This authoritative, comprehensive, high-quality 300-page guide shows you them all.  More…

Lonely Planet Turkey

Ah, what can I say? I wrote the  original edition (1985) and the six editions that followed. It’s now in other authorial hands, but is still the best-overall practical on-the-road guide for budget travelers, with some suggestions for more upscale travel.  More…

Lonely Planet Istanbul

I wrote the  original edition  of this one, too, though other authors now update it. It’s a good, comprehensive guide to the city with lots of maps, photos, and a wider range of hotels and restaurants than  Lonely Planet Turkey .  More…

Rough Guide Turkey

A worthy competitor to Lonely Planet Turkey, its committee of authors covers the country in depth and with attitude (sometimes a bit too much of both?)

Rough Guide Istanbul

A fine guide to the city, though it follows the current guidebook fashion of going too far off the tourist track, recommending places and activities that might be enjoyed by someone who has moved to the city for a few months, but might be a bit too obscure and time-consuming for someone who has but a few days here.

Frommer’s Turkey

I wrote the first seven editions of this guide, but the current book is a completely rewritten effort. Extensive descriptions of hotels and restaurants make it easy to pick those special places to stay and to dine that make your trip memorable.

Dorling Kindersley Istanbul

Beautifully designed and lavishly illustrated, this fine cultural, historic and artistic guide is a great way to learn about the city. The practical information tends to be less up-to-date and useful than that in  Lonely Planet Istanbul  or  Rough Guide Istanbul , but the cultural stuff is much better.

Turkey: Bright Sun, Strong Tea

Not a guidebook, rather my  humorous travel memoir  good for cultural and societal background.  Excerpts, autographed copies &  more…

Kate Clow’s guide to the scenic footpath she pioneered is a must-see for anyone  hiking  it.  More…  ( ISBN 0-9539218-0-8)

St Paul Trail

Kate Clow’s second great  cross-country hiking  trail has its own guidebook, which you’ll want to carry with you.  More…

—by  Tom Brosnahan

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An Unforgettable Train Journey Across the Stunning Landscape of Eastern Turkey

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This story is part of Iconic Train Journeys , a spotlight on the world's most legendary railway adventures, from luxury trains that evoke old-world glamor to historic routes that have rebuilt nations and itineraries that reveal the hidden depths of our favorite destinations.

Ankara, the Turkish capital, has been wilting under days of intense heat. Our taxi driver lets us out at the station with a gift of a cool apple. The forecourt is a mess of commuters competing for taxis and minivans. Through its automatic doors, though, is a gleaming air-conditioned cathedral to Turkey’s high-speed rail. The relief is short-lived—a uniformed attendant at the information window soon informs us our train, the Doğu Ekspresi (translation: Eastern Express) actually departs from the old station next door.

What we see, when we arrive, is a study in contrasts: Where the new station’s marble floors had been polished to a sharp gleam, here, the marble has been dulled from a century’s scuffing of shoes and slippers . We slump down and immediately begin to sweat.

Built in 2016, the sleek extension to the older Ankara station serves as a hub for high-speed rail.

After the Ottoman Empire’s collapse in 1922, the new Turkish republic set out to modernize into a secular European-style state. The rail network played a large role in this. Where the Ottoman railways had primarily been constructed, owned, and in service of foreign companies, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the republic’s founder, envisioned the new republic unified by a railway network. Completed in 1939, the Eastern portion, from Sivas to Erzurum, was key in realizing this vision: Turkey’s famously remote Anatolian provinces were to be connected to the education and services of Istanbul and Ankara and, if needed, the line could transport military to Turkish territory ceded by Armenia , now part of a new Soviet Union.

A decade ago I had motorcycled through the provinces of Eastern Anatolia, and witnessed up-close the region's hash, mountainous terrain. Being cradled in its jagged valleys was a feeling that stuck with me, and later, when I met a hydrogeologist in Laos, inspired by the country’s similarly jagged karst mountains, I proceeded to try and impress her with my knowledge of its geological features. She saw through it all, of course, but a year later we planned a journey on the Doğu Express. While a special Doğu Express catering to tourists operates in the winter high season, we chose the regular service, which functions as transport and not recreation.

The waiting passengers look glazed in the platform's heavy air. Luckily, the train arrives with a fresh breeze, ten carriages drawn by a diesel engine, the red of the Turkish flag. The instant it stops, sweaty passengers are slinging luggage aboard and climbing up to locate seats and air-conditioning. Over 26 hours and 800 miles, this train will trundle to the eastern city of Kars along the border with Armenia .

A hundred years later, Atatürk’s secular legacy has come under pressure. No alcohol is served onboard and as a mixed unmarried couple we are forbidden to cohabit. The workaround is to book out an entire couchette of four Pullman beds retractable into facing seats covered by the garish '90s fabric that seems to upholster all public transport here. While I don’t feel great occupying double the real estate, our cabin’s wide window, power socket, and lockable door keeps lingering guilt at a comfortable distance.

With a shudder and a belch of exhaust, we pull out punctually. We pass through a city embroiled in a midsummer gridlock as Ankara’s bureaucrats and university students return to their tower blocks. A day earlier we had been in the thick of it, amidst one of the world’s oldest capital cities, visiting monuments to Atatürk and Ankara’s Hittite heritage. But now we climb through its outskirts of squat hills of lonely gas stations and power lines. I feel the deficit of human energy.

The views from the train shift dramatically as it makes its way from Ankara through the rocky wilds of Anatolia to the city of Kars.

Thankfully, the adjoining dining cart is alive with the camaraderie typical for the start of any long journey. We sit mid-carriage at a sticky table to drink tea and watch. In here, children squirm over parents’ laps as old men sip strong tea to punctuate intense exchanges. A girl too short to activate the automatic door, becomes stuck in the inter-carriage airlock, set free by her smiling father. A German tourist introduces death metal to a table of old Turkish men. They’re unimpressed. “You either like it or you don’t,” he says, visibly disappointed. On offer is tea, coffee, cold drinks, and pre-packed sandwiches. I am glad to unpack the stuffed vine leaves we bought from a station kiosk. After dinner I doze on the swaying bunk as faraway lights slip past outside.

I awake at dawn. Sivas begins with apartment blocks and minarets lancing a peach sky shaded with haze. The city’s station, like every stop, is an opportunity for the smokers to file out but they have to hurry. Before the city wakes, we are off again, plunging deeper into Anatolia.

From here to Erzurum was the most complicated track to build. A hundred and thirty eight tunnels were needed to traverse the Eastern Anatolian High Plateau that had once made these communities famously remote. The Turkish government put out an international tender but after foreign contractors failed to deliver, it took on the project itself, another source of rail-related pride. One by one each station opened to a festive atmosphere until on September 6, 1939, the first locomotive pulled in to a flag-bedecked Erzurum station watched by over 40,000 people. “Erzurum is now in vocal range of Ankara,” one minister proclaimed.

All this engineering prowess is on display. With each tunnel the carriage is plunged into darkness, making it impossible to read more than a few sentences of Norman Stone’s Turkey: A Short History . After battling through a couple of pages I look up, and feel like a fool. Turkey is through that window, not in this book. We are cutting through a narrow ravine, below rocky walls of burned ochre, sometimes hard and flat as marble, other times as crumbly as a cookie. My partner explains this is geological diversity.

Turkey's engineering prowess is especially on display between Sivas and Erzum where 138 tunnels were built to cut through the Eastern Anatolian High Plateau.

Over coffee in the dining cart she describes how this terrain is the product of slow violence. Mountains were formed by the collision of three tectonic plates: Arabic, Eurasian, and Anatolian. We pass rail-side huts where twisting cracks snake up the walls, a reminder that this route was not just built but rebuilt, thanks to the ever-present threat of an earthquake. Later I find out an earthquake measuring 4.1 on the Richter scale registered just South of Erzurum.

In Divriği the call to morning prayer rings out and by mid-morning we are tracking the Euphrates. After a decade of long-distance rail journeys, I cannot remember a more dramatic vista. Passengers gather in the hallways to watch in silence as shepherds guard their flock, as they drink the aqua water under the gaze of cliffs glaring down. Given the antiquity of shepherds on the Euphrates, it’s worth asking whether Atatürk’s ambitions have generated opportunities beyond the few lira exchanged for vine leaves by a gawking tourist. Today, both Erzurum and Erzincan sport their own universities, and while the metrics show that for decades rates of poverty, infant mortality, and literacy have all headed in the right direction, opportunities today are more likely created by tax cuts and fibre optics than rail. Perhaps it’s more meaningful that this train is well used for its intended purpose: transporting Turkish people across their country’s difficult terrain. Success is underlined at each platform whenever passengers step down to meet their waiting families.

Past Erzurum the landscape widens to farmland—the end of the old Eastern express. From here to Kars the Russian-built track was ceded from Armenia, part of the 1920 Peace Treaty of Alexandropol that ended the Turkish-Armenian war, and rebuilt to the standard Turkish gauge in 1957. Again, the sun sets, this time to sunflowers drooping in the scorching heat—despite an elevation of nearly 6,500 feet.

It's dark again and I turn off the lights to watch a landscape bathed by a low yellow moon. An hour late, our scheduled arrival of 8:20 p.m. slips past as time loses its definition. Then a knock. The carriage attendant stands waiting for our bedsheets to be returned. Outside, the outskirts of Kars begin to appear. I switch on the light, and we stand blinking. It’s time to return to the outside world. Tomorrow’s visit to the Ani ruins will demand decisions and logistics beyond timing snacks and naps. I’m not sure I am ready.

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Lonely Planet Turkey 15 (Travel Guide) Paperback – Folded Map, February 21, 2017

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Lonely Planet Turkey is your passport to the most relevant, up-to-date advice on what to see and skip, and what hidden discoveries await you. Bath in a hammam; explore chaotic and colourful bazaars; or hot air balloon over Cappadocia's honeycomb landscape -all with your trusted travel companion. Get to the heart of Turkey and begin your journey now!

Inside Lonely Planet Turkey :

• Full-colour maps and images throughout
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• Free, convenient pull-out Turkey map (included in print version), plus over 110 colour maps
• Covers Istanbul, Thrace, Marmara, Gallipoli Peninsula, Troy, Izmir, North Aegean, Ephesus, Bodrum, South Aegean, Ankara, Cappadocia, Black Sea Coast, Antalya, Eastern Mediterranean, Northeastern Anatolia and more

The Perfect Choice: Lonely Planet Turkey , our most comprehensive guide to Turkey , is perfect for both exploring top sights and taking roads less travelled.

About Lonely Planet: Since 1973, Lonely Planet has become the world's leading travel media company with guidebooks to every destination, an award-winning website, mobile and digital travel products, and a dedicated traveller community. Lonely Planet covers must-see spots but also enables curious travellers to get off beaten paths to understand more of the culture of the places in which they find themselves. The world awaits!

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• Print length 640 pages
• Language English
• Publisher Lonely Planet
• Publication date February 21, 2017
• Dimensions 5.1 x 1.13 x 7.8 inches
• ISBN-10 1786572354
• ISBN-13 978-1786572356
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Welcome to Turkey

A richly historical land with some of the best cuisine you will ever taste, scenery from beaches to mountains and the great city of Istanbul.

A succession of historical figures and empires have all left their mark on this former stopover along the Silk Road. Experiencing their legacy takes you from the closeted quarters of the sultan and his harem in Istanbul’s sprawling Topkapı Palace to the romantic and mysterious Lycian ruins on Mediterranean beaches.

• Turkey’s Top 19
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• Publisher ‏ : ‎ Lonely Planet; 15th edition (February 21, 2017)
• Language ‏ : ‎ English
• Paperback ‏ : ‎ 640 pages
• ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 1786572354
• ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-1786572356
• Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 5.1 x 1.13 x 7.8 inches
• #173 in General Turkey Travel Guides
• #233 in General Middle East Travel Guides
• #520 in General Asia Travel Books

About the author

Jessica lee.

Jessica Lee is a travel writer and guidebook author who specialises in the Middle East, North Africa and Turkey.

She likes mountains and deserts and is on a constant quest to find the perfect hummus.

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